Mankhwalawa ali mu Solanaceae, kapena nightshade, banja, pamodzi ndi tomato, tsabola, ndi mbatata. Ambiri a ife tinakulira tikuganiza za biringanya chachikulu, masamba obiriwira, ofiirira. Panalibe zosiyana kwambiri pa zomwe tinkakula kapena momwe tidadyera. Zikondwerero, izo siziri choncho. Mukutha tsopano kupeza zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zosiyana, kukula kwake, ndi zokoma (ndi ambiri omwe samakhala ndi ukali kusiyana ndi kale).
Kufotokozera
Mofanana ndi dzina lake, biringanya kwenikweni imabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yofiira, yooneka ngati dzira. Palinso zachikasu, zobiriwira, ndi mazira a mitsempha. Zokometsera zonsezi ndi zosiyana kwambiri, ndipo zina zimakhala zosavuta kukula kuposa ena, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti minda yamaluwa ali ndi njira zambiri.
- Masamba: Eggplants ndi zomera zowonongeka ndi zimayambira. Masamba nthawi zambiri amavala ndi pafupifupi mainchesi 4 mpaka 8 kutalika.
- Maluwa / zipatso: Maluwa angakhale oyera kapena mthunzi wofiirira, wokhala ndi maola asanu. Zipatso zimasiyana ndi zazing'ono ndi zozungulira mpaka nthawi yaitali komanso zochepa mpaka zitsamba zazikulu. Zipatso ziridi zipatso, ndi mbewu zambiri zing'onozing'ono mkati mwa thupi.
Dzina la Botanical
Solanum melongena
Mayina Amodzi
Biringanya, aubergine, melongene
Malo Ovuta
Mazira amatha kutentha, omwe amatanthauza kuti angakhale ndi moyo kwa zaka zingapo m'madera otentha ndi amvula, monga USDA Hardiness Zones 10 ndi 11. Komabe, kwa alimi a ndiwo zamasamba, eggplants amakula ngati chaka ndi kukula bwino m'madera 5 mpaka 12.
Kukula msinkhu
Zomera zimatha kutalika kwa mamita awiri kapena atatu ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Kukula ndi kulemera kwa zipatso kungayambitse zimayambira kugwa kapena kupuma.
Chiwonetsero
Manyowa ndi zomera zokonda kutentha. Amafunika tsiku lonse la dzuwa , osati kuti azikhazikitsa zipatso, komanso kuti zomera zisamatenthe.
Masiku Okolola
Nthawi zokolola zimasiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma mapulogalamu ambiri amatha kutenga miyezi iŵiri kuti akhwime, ndipo ena amatenga masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri kapena kuposerapo.
Malangizo Okolola Otuta
Zipatso zidzakhala zonyezimira, pang'ono pokhapokha mukakanikiza chala chanu pakhungu. Kusankhanitsa zipatso musanafike msinkhu ndibwino komanso kumalimbikitsa zipatso zambiri. Ndi bwino kudula, osati kukoka, zipatso kuchokera ku mipesa yawo. Biringanya zimayambira ndizopambana, choncho ndi bwino kuvala magolovesi. Musalole kuti zipatsozo zisalake. Adzakhala owawa komanso odzala mbewu. Izi zimalimbikitsanso zomera kuti zibale zipatso zambiri.
Sungani ndiwo zamasamba m'firiji. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'masiku angapo koma ayenera kupitirira masabata awiri. Musadule iwo mpaka mutakonzekera. Mnofu umatulutsa nthawi yomweyo pamene umapezeka mlengalenga.
Biringanya Kukula Nsonga
Mankhwalawa amafunikira nthaka yolemera bwino komanso yokonzera bwino. Zimathandiza kugwira ntchito mu masentimita angapo a kompositi kapena zinthu zina zisanayambe kubzala. Nthaka pH ya 6.5 mpaka 6.8 (pang'ono acidic) ndi yabwino, ngakhale mbale sizinapangidwe kwambiri.
Kuyambira pa mbewu m'nyumba , ayambe pafupi masabata 8 mpaka 12 isanafike tsiku lanu lotsiriza la chisanu. Mankhwalawa amayamba mofulumira, makamaka ngati simungathe kuwathandiza kutentha. Kutentha kwabwino kumakhala kozungulira 75 F. Mafuta otentha ndi mapulasitiki ophimba pa mbeu yanu yambewu imathandizira kutentha.
Ngati simungathe kupereka izi, yesetsani kuziyika pamwamba pa firiji yanu. (Onetsetsani kuti muwawatsogolere, pamene mbeuyo ikumera.)
Kaya mumayamba ndi mbewu kapena kugula mbande, perekani zomera nthawi yambiri kuti muumitse . Sakanizani iwo kumunda osachepera masabata awiri mutatha tsiku lanu lotentha lachisanu. Dikirani nthawi ngati kutentha kumakhala kozizira. Palibe chomwe chingapindule mwa kuyamba iwo mofulumira kwambiri. Iwo sadzayamba kuika zipatso mpaka madzulo kutentha kumakhalabe mu 70s F. Mitengo ya mpweya pafupi mamita awiri kapena atatu. padera. Iwo adzatuluka kunja ndipo adzafuna chipinda chowonjezera cha mpweya.
Mukamera mazira a mvula m'madera ozizira, mungayambire mofulumira poyala m'mabedi kapena zitsamba zouluka, kapena mukhoza kutentha nthaka ndi pulasitiki yakuda kapena kuphimba zomera ndi chivundikiro choyandama .
(Onetsetsani kuti muchotse chivundikiro cha mzere pamene maluwa akuwonekera, kuti atsimikizire kuti mungu amawunikira.) Njira ina ndi kukula zomera mu miphika yakuda ya pulasitiki, yomwe imakhala yotentha kwambiri kuposa dothi la munda, nthawi zina mpaka kutentha kwa madigiri 10 F. Miphika imakhalanso yotentha mpaka madzulo.
Tizilombo ndi Matenda a Eggplant
Mankhwalawa amatha kukhala otsika kwambiri, matenda opatsirana omwe amachititsa kuti zomera zisatunge madzi, zimayambitsa zomera ndikufa. Ngati verticillium ndilo vuto, sankhani mitundu yosakanikirana ndi kupewa kubzala mbeu m'madera omwe tomato kapena tsabola mwakula posachedwapa. Kukulitsa iwo mu chidebe ndi nthaka yatsopano yotentha ndi njira yabwino.
Nthata zazing'onoting'ono ndi vuto lalikulu la tizilombo lomwe mudzakumana nalo biringanya. Mbalamezi zimayaka mabowo ambiri mumasamba koma sizimakhudza zipatso. Zowonongeka ndizokongoletsera, koma zimafooketsa zomera ndipo zingathe kufalitsa matenda. Mukhoza kufooketsa kanyumba kakang'ono kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ndi chivundikiro choyandama, koma chiyenera kuchotsedwa pamene chomera chimayamba kuika maluwa. Ena wamaluwa amaika anyezi apakati kuzungulira zomera kuti abwezeretse nyamakazi.
Zojambula Zowonjezera
Pali ma birplants odyetserako zokondweretsa kwambiri ndi zina zamakono zamakono zomwe zilibe matenda komanso / kapena kupsa msanga. Yesetsani ndi mitundu ingapo kuti muwone zomwe zikuyenda bwino pazochitika zanu. Biringanya ali ndi mbiri yoipa chifukwa chowawa. Mitundu ina imakhala yowawa kwambiri kuposa ena, makamaka akakolola kale. Mankhwalawa amakhala okhudzana ndi fodya komanso amakhala ndi nicotinoid alkaloids, zomwe zingapangitse kulawa kowawa, koma kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Yesani mitundu ingapo musanayeke pa biringanya.
- Hansel: Wopambana AAS yemwe wakhala wotchuka kwambiri. Mitengo yaitali, yochepa imakula m'magulu. Mukhoza kuyamba kukolola pamene zipatso zili pafupi masentimita 4, kuti mulimbikitse zipatso zambiri. (Masiku 55 kuti mukolole.)
- Gretel: Wothandizana ndi Hansel, Gretel ndi biringaliro lalitali, loyera lomwe silili lowawa komanso lokoma pokolola achinyamata. (Masiku 55 kuti mukolole.)
- Mayi Oyera ku Japan: Zipatso izi zimawoneka ngati dzira. Mnofu ndi wandiweyani komanso wokoma kwambiri, uli ndi mbewu zochepa kwambiri. (Masiku 65 kuti mukolole.)
- Listadia di Grandia: Mbalame Zapamwamba za ku Spain zokhala ndi zipatso zokongola, zonenepa zisanu ndi ziwiri zomwe ziri zoyera ndi mikwingwirima yofiira ndipo zimakhala ndi zofewa kwambiri, zokoma. (Masiku 90 kuti mukolole.)
- Louisiana Long Green: Zipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala zabwino komanso zokoma. (Masiku 100 kuti mukolole.)
- East Express: Chisankho chabwino kumpoto, izi ndi zodalirika ngakhale nyengo ikubweretsa. Zipatso zake zamdima, zofiira ndizitali komanso zochepa, pafupifupi masentimita 8 mpaka 10 m'litali ndi mainchesi 1 mpaka 2. (Masiku 58 kuti mukolole.)
- Rosa Bianca: Mzinda wa Italy wokhala ndi moyo wathanzi umene umakhala wabwino kwambiri m'madera otentha. Zipatsozo zimakhala zofiira komanso zofiira zofiira, zofiira, pafupifupi mainchesi 4 mpaka 6 ndi mainchesi asanu. (Masiku 73 kuti mukolole.)