Chukar

Mbalame yofiira kwambiri yomwe imapezeka ku Ulaya ndi Asia, chukar inauzidwa kumpoto kwa America kumadzulo kwa United States ndi Canada kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 mpaka m'ma 1930. Zakhazikitsidwa tsopano ndipo zimakula m'madera ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbalame zambiri ziwonongeke.

Dzina Loyamba : Chukar, Chukar Partridge
Dzina la sayansi: Alectoris chukar
Scientific Family: Phasianidae

Maonekedwe:

• Bill : Otsatira, okhwima, okhwima kwambiri, owala kwambiri

• Kukula kwake : mainchesi 14 m'litali ndi mapiko a masentimita 22, kumanga kokongola, thupi lonse, mchira waufupi
• Mabala : Ofiira, ophulika, imvi, imvi-bulauni, achikasu, oyera, akuda, a bulauni, amphongo
• Zizindikiro : Amuna ndi ofanana ngakhale amuna ali akulu ndipo amakhala ndi kamphindi kakang'ono pa mwendo uliwonse. Nkhopeyi imadziwika ndi gulu lakuda lomwe limadutsa mumtambo ndi maso, pamasaya ndikukhala pamphepete mwachitsulo chakumpoto. Nsido yoyera ikhoza kuoneka pamwamba pa band, ndipo pangТono yofiira yamatundumitundu nthawi zina imawoneka. Chinsalu ndi mmero zimakhala zachikasu pamene korona , mmbuyo, mphuno ndi mapiko ndizofiira. Mchira uli ndi imvi ndi nthenga zamkati, zomwe zimawoneka mosavuta. Mimba imakhala yonyezimira ndipo zitsamba zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, zimatetezedwa ndi chifuwa, zakuda ndi zoyera. Anthu ogulitsa nsomba ndi amphongo otumbululuka. Diso liri mdima koma lozunguliridwa ndi mphete yowala yonyezimira, ndipo miyendo ndi mapazi ndi ofiira. Mbalame zazing'ono zimafanana ndi anthu akuluakulu koma zimakhala zosafunika kwambiri m'mphepete mwake.

Zakudya: Mbewu, mizu, udzu, tirigu, tizilombo, zipatso ( Onani: Omnivorous )

Habita ndi Kusamukira:

Chikhakara chimakonda malo owonekera, malo otseguka kuphatikizapo mapiri, mitengo ndi miyala ya miyala yokhala ndi tsabola yowonongeka yokhayokha, ngakhale kuti iwo ali odziwa bwino pobisala m'matanthwe amathanthwe. Zitha kupezeka kufika mamita zikwi khumi, ndipo pamene mbalamezi sizingasamukire nyengo, zimatha kutsika kumtunda kwa miyezi yozizira, makamaka nthawi ya matalala aakulu.

Mtundu wa chukar wa ku Eurasia umachoka ku Turkey kupita ku China, kuphatikizapo mbali za kum'mwera kwa Russia ndi madera akutali a Pakistan ndi India. Ku North America, chukars amapezeka kumtunda wa Rocky Mountain womwe umayambira kum'mwera kwa British Columbia kudzera ku Nevada ndi Utah kum'maŵa kwa Wyoming, komanso kumpoto kwa California.

Kuwonera bwino kunja kwa malo a mtundu wa chukar ndi malo omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri amakhala chifukwa cha masewera omwe amatulutsa mbalame chifukwa cha kusaka , kapena mbalame zomwe zimathawa kuchoka ku zokolola zachilendo kapena masewera a mbalame.

Zolemba:

Mbalamezi sizimveka koma zimakhala ndi raspy, "chuk-chuk-chuk" yomwe imakhala yothamanga kwambiri ndipo imabwereza mitsinje yambiri, makamaka pamene mbalame zimagwedezeka kapena zimawopsya. Zolemba zina zofewa ndi mayitanidwe ofanana angamvekanso.

Makhalidwe:

Izi ndi mbalame zam'mlengalenga zomwe zimatha kuthamanga kuchoka ku zomwe zimawopsyeza, koma pamene zimatha kuthawa nthawi zambiri zimakhala pansi ndikuuluka ndi mitsinje yofulumira kwambiri yomwe ikutsatiridwa ndi glide. Amatha kupezeka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono chaka chonse koma amakhala ochezeka m'nyengo yozizira, pamene ziweto zimatha kukula mpaka 40 kapena kuposa. Pamene sakuwopsezedwa ndi kusaka, amatha kulimba molimba pamathanthwe ndipo amatha kuyang'ana mbalame kuti aziyang'anira nkhosa zonse.

Kubalanso:

Izi ndizo mbalame zosagwirizana kwambiri , ngakhale kuti mitala ena amalembedwa. Mkaziyo amamanga chisa chosalala chokhala ndi nthenga kapena udzu wouma kumalo omwe amadzibisa kapena obisika ndi shrub yapafupi, udzu wa udzu kapena miyala. Mazirawo ndi obiriwira achikasu kapena achikasu otsekedwa ndi mawanga aang'ono, ndipo pali mazira 10-21 pa ana . Awiri amodzi adzakweza ana amodzi okha pachaka.

Mayi wamkazi amachititsa mazira masiku 22-24. Nkhuku zing'onozing'ono zimatha kuchoka chisa mwamsanga, pakangopita mphindi zingapo ngati nkofunikira, koma musawuluke mpaka pafupifupi masabata awiri.

Kukongola kwa Chukars:

Izi sizili mbalame zomwe zimakhala kumbuyo, koma zimakhala zosavuta kuti zikhale ndi madzi otsimikizirika kapena malo amtundu wothira, makamaka m'madera osayembekezeka kumene mbalame zamasewera zingathamangire.

Ngati ma chukita ali alendo obwera kumbuyo, adzalandira chimanga chophwanyidwa pansi kapena pansi pamsana, mbale kapena tray feeders.

Kusungidwa:

Chukar sichiopsezedwa kapena kuopsezedwa, koma anthu okhala kumtunda akhoza kukhala pachiopsezo chotentha kwambiri. M'madera ambiri, chukara zimayang'aniridwa bwino ngati mbalame zamasewera kuti zisakale, ndipo zingakhale zowonjezeredwa kuti zimasulidwe chifukwa cha kusaka kosakayika popanda kuthana ndi nkhanza anthu ammudzi.

Mbalame zofanana:

• Red-Legged Partridge ( Alectoris rufa )
• Rock Partridge ( Alectrois graeca )
• Barbary Partridge ( Alectoris barbara )
• Gray Partridge ( Kutaya phindu losokoneza )
• Ng'ombe zachitsulo ( Oreortyx pictus )
• Himalayan Snowcock ( Tetraogallus himalayensis )