Nyemba zazikulu ndi nyengo yozizira, yomwe imakula mwamsanga kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena kugwa. Nyemba zazikulu zakula kale kwa zaka zikwi ndipo zimati zapezeka manda a ku Aigupto.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa fava nyemba, nyemba zazikulu zimatha kukhala ndi mayina osiyanasiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Njere yaikulu yotchedwa Windsor kapena nyemba zoyenera (subspecies faba var. Major) ndi yomwe ambiri akumadzulo amadziwa ndi kukula.
Nkhumba kapena njiwa yambewu (subspecies faba var. Wamng'ono) ndi yotchuka kwambiri m'mayiko achiarabu ndi nyemba zavalo (subspecies faba var. Equina) imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chakudya cha mahatchi.
Nyemba zonse zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi nyemba zambiri ndi mbewu zazikulu. Komabe, pali zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyemba zambiri, kukula kwa mbewu zawo ndi mtundu wawo (woyera, beige, bulauni, wofiirira ndi wakuda). Komabe,
Zomera nyemba zambiri ndi zazikulu. Amatha kufika paliponse kutalika mamita awiri. Zomwe zimayambira, zowona, zimakhala zovuta ndipo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, ngakhale zidzasuntha pansi pa kulemera kwa nyembazo.
- Masamba Masambawa amawoneka ndipo amawoneka ngati masamba a mtola kuposa nyemba.
- Maluwa : MaluĊµa amakula mumagulu a spiked ndipo ndi oyera ndi dontho lakuda. Amakula msanga, omwe amawoneka kuchokera ku 2 - 12 inches long.
Dzina la Botanical
Vicia faba
Mayina Amodzi
Ambiri mwa nyemba za nyemba kapena nyemba zambiri, komanso nyemba zachingelezi, nyemba za nyemba, nyemba zavalo, nyemba ya njiwa, nyemba za nyemba ndi nyemba za Windsor.
Kutuluka kwa dzuwa
Dzuwa lonse ku Mtengo Wagawo. Nyemba za nyemba ndi nyengo yozizira ndipo zimakonda kwambiri dzuwa lonse mutakula m'chaka.
Malo Ovuta
Nyemba za fava zimakula ngati masamba a pachaka , kotero iwo alibe USDA Hardiness Zones Hardiness Zone .
Zomera Zokhwima
2 - 5 ft. (H) x 8 - 12 mkati. (W)
Nthawi Yotuta nyemba za Fava
Nyemba zazikulu zimafuna masiku 75 - 80 kukula nyengo, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana.
Komabe, mu nyengo yofatsa, amatha kubzalidwa kugwa ndipo amaloledwa kukula pang'onopang'ono kudutsa m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa cha kukolola kasupe. Njere zazikulu zowonongeka zimatha kutenga masiku 240 kuti zikhwime .
Sankhani mapepala atamva bwino. Popeza mudzakhala mukudya mwatsopano, musamadikire mpaka nyemba zanu zitayamba kuuma. Akuluakulu akapeza nyemba, nyemba zimadya.
Mitengo Yotsalira ya Fava Yomwe Mungakwerere M'munda Wanu
- "Aquadulce Claudia" - Mitundu yayikulu, ya Chisipanishi yokhala ndi matenda abwino. (Masiku 90 a masika / masiku 240 akugwa)
- "Sutton" - Mitundu yambiri yamtali (masentimita 14 m'litali) ndizochepa zokhala ndi malo ochepa, malo okhala ndi mphepo. (Masiku 80)
- "Lorane wokoma" - Nyerere yaying'ono ikulengedwa kuti ikhale ndi tannin ochepa (masiku 100)
- "Windsor" nyemba zazikulu, zokoma. (Masiku 80 a masika / masiku 240 akugwa)
Kugwiritsa ntchito nyemba za Fava
Mukakolola nyembazo pamene ali ochepa thupi kuposa ochepa, mukhoza kuphika pod ndi zonse. Pambuyo pake, nyembazo zimakhala zovuta kudya ndipo zimakhala nyemba.
Kuwonjezera pa kuchotsa nyemba, nyemba zimakhala ndi khungu lakuda kapena nembanemba yomwe imafunikanso kuchotsedwa musanaphike. Nthawi zambiri mumangozitulutsa m'matumba awo, koma zimakhala nthawi yambiri ngati mukuchita zambiri. Pano pali maonekedwe abwino momwe angapangidwire ma nyemba
Ma nyemba amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, kusungidwa m'firiji masiku angapo, kapena mazira kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito. Nyemba zophikidwa zimatha kuuma mufiriji. Kuwathamangitsa mu mafuta pang'ono kumathandiza kuti azikhala atsopano.
Ngati mumasowa zokolola ndipo nyemba zanu zimakhala zokalamba kwambiri komanso zowuma kudya, mumatha kuziphika ndi kupanga nyemba.
Nyemba zokoma, zokoma za nyemba zimagwira ntchito bwino ndi zokometsera bwino monga timbewu tonunkhira, anyezi komanso katsabola. Mchere umapangitsanso kukoma kwawo, kuwapanga kukhala okongola kwambiri kwa ma soseji komanso abwino pamene ali ndi mchere wamchere.
Zotsatira za kukula kwa nyemba za fava
Nthaka: nyemba za Fava zimakula bwino m'nthaka ndi nthaka yopanda ndale pH 6.2 mpaka 6.8. Saganizira za nthaka, koma sayenera kukhala madzi kapena madzi. Popeza nthaka yozizira imaletsa mabakiteriya omwe amathandiza nyemba kukhala ndi nitrojeni yawo, pogwiritsa ntchito inoculant kapena kungowonjezerapo zinthu zina m'nthaka, adzawonjezera nitrogen ndikupanga zomera zathanzi.
Kubzala: nyemba za fava zimafuna nyengo yayitali, yozizira. Sadzamera bwino mu nyengo yozizira, youma. M'madera ofatsa, madera a USDA 6 ndi apo, iwo amabzalidwa kugwa ndi kukula panthawi yachisanu. Mitengo imatha kuthana ndi chisanu. Mbewu zimamera masiku 7 mpaka 14, koma kumera kumakhala kochepa mu nthaka yozizira.
M'madera otentha, ndi chisanu cha chisanu, amafesedwa m'chaka, kamodzi nthaka ikauma , nthawi zambiri mu April. Mutha kuyamba nawo m'nyumba, mu peti kapena mapepala, pafupi mwezi umodzi.
Nyemba za nyemba zimabzalidwa mofanana momwe mungamere nyemba zina. Mukhoza kufulumira kumera mwa kuthira njere mumadzi kwa ora, musanafese. Lembani mozungulira mbewuzo pafupi ndi mainchesi awiri, osachepera 4 ndi 6 mainchesi. Sungani mbeuyi mpaka masentimita 8 mpaka 12, chifukwa kukhuta kungalimbikitse matenda. Mukhozanso kuwamera m'mapiri, ndi nyemba zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu pa phiri, ndi mapiri omwe amagawanika mamita anayi.
Kusamalira Zomera za Bean Bean
Mitengo yautali imayenera kudumpha, ali wamng'ono. Ngakhale mitundu yaying'ono ingagwiritse ntchito pothandizira pang'ono chifukwa nyembazo zimatha kulemera.
Ambiri amaluwa amakonda kupukuta nsonga yakukula kapena kudula tsinde lam'mwamba ndi masiteji awiri a masamba, kamodzi nyemba zimayamba kupanga gawo lochepa la mbewu. Izi zimakupatsani kukolola koyambirira ndikusungira malo oyamba kutulutsa mpweya ndi dzuwa, zomwe zimathandiza kupewa matenda a fungus ndi mavuto a tizilombo .
Tizilombo ndi Matenda a nyemba za Fava
Tizilombo
- Ntchentche zakuda zidzamenyana pamene nyengo ikuwomba.
- Mbeu zazikulu za nyemba zimadya nyemba mu mbewu, koma zimatha kumera.
- Peyala ndi nyemba za nyemba zidzadya pa masamba ndipo zingathe kuwononga mbande zazing'ono.
- Mphungu ndi makoswe ena amadya mbewu.
Matenda
- Matenda a fungal ndi dzimbiri zingakhale zovuta, chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira. Perekani zambiri pakati pa zomera.
Chikhalidwe
- Chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira, kuvunda kungakhale vuto mu nthaka yonyowa.
- Kuchuluka kwa chisanu kapena chisanu kungawononge minofu. Gwiritsani ntchito chivundikiro cha mzere , kuti mutetezedwe.