Mtundu wa Helianthus umaphatikizanso ndi mpendadzuwa wokondedwa kwambiri wamwaka wapachaka, Helianthus annuus , komanso mitundu yambiri yosatha yomwe imapanga zomera zamaluwa, zomwe zimatulutsa nthawi yaitali. Izi ndi nyengo yochedwa nyengo maluwa , ikufalikira kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi kugwa. Maluŵa osasunthika omwe amakhala osatha amakhala ocheperapo kusiyana ndi msuweni wawo wapachaka, koma amakhala otha msinkhu komanso osatha.
Izi ndi zomera zolimba kwambiri, ndi mitundu ya mbadwa yomwe imapezeka paliponse kuchokera ku nkhumba kupita ku minda.
- Masamba : Mdima wamdima wobiriwira ukhoza kukhala wooneka ngati wa thupi kapena wopapatiza komanso wooneka ngati maluwa. Zomera zimakhala ndi nthambi zambiri ndipo zimayamba kugwedezeka, ngakhale kuti mitundu ina ikhoza kuyendayenda pogwiritsa ntchito rhizomes .
- Maluwa : Maluwa okongola a Daisy ndi a golidi okhala ndi madesi akuluakulu amasiyana pang'ono kuchokera ku mitundu mpaka mitundu. Pali mitundu yamodzi komanso yawiri ya maluwa.
Dzina la Botanical
Helianthus spp.
Dzina Loyamba:
Osatha mpendadzuwa.
Malo Ovuta
Mitundu yambiri imatchedwa yolimba kuchokera ku USDA Hardest Zones 4 mpaka 8, koma zambiri zimatha kutambasula mpaka 3 ndi 9, ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse sichikhala ndi nthawi yayitali yokwanira, pachigawo 3 mpaka 4.
Kutuluka kwa dzuwa
Helianthus osatha adzakhala pachimake bwino dzuwa lonse , ngakhale kuti akhoza kuthana ndi mthunzi wamba. Popanda dzuwa maola asanu patsiku, zomera zimakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chokhala ndi malamulo ndi kupalasa.
Kukula msinkhu
Msinkhu umasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ndi kukula. Pali Helianthus yomwe imangokhala 2 mpaka 3 ft.
wamtali ndi ena omwe ali pamwamba 10 ft. Ambiri ali opangidwira, kufalitsa pafupifupi 3 mpaka 4 ft. Komabe, ena adzafalikira ndi rhizomes ndipo akhoza kukhala achiwawa m'munda.
Nthawi yamaluwa
Izi zimachedwa nyengo maluwa, zikubwera pachimake kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndikubwereza kufalikira kudutsa. Mukhoza kupeza masabata 8 mpaka 12 a maluwa, kuchokera ku zomera zanu.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana
Zina mwa zotchuka kwambiri za mpendadzuwa ndizitsamba za Helianthus x multiflorus (Zambiri-zowonongeka mpendadzuwa), womwe ndi mtanda pakati pa mpendadzuwa wa pachaka ndi mpendadzuwa woonda ( Heliantus decapetalus ).
- 'Capenoch Star' - Ifikira 4 ft tall, ndi mabala okongola achikasu ndi malo.
- 'Loddon Gold' - Ali ndi ziwombankhanga, ziwiri, zagolide zomwe zimapanga 6 ft.
Zosiyanasiyana Zingathe Kufikira 10 Ft. Wamtali:
(Mitengo yaitali siili ndi maluwa akuluakulu ngakhale ngakhale 10 ft kutalika, maluwa amakhala 3 mpaka 4 mkati.)
- Helianthus salicifolius (Willowleaf mpendadzuwa) : Wamtali ndi wotsika yokonza, koma woyenda. 'Kuunikira koyamba' ndi wotchuka, wamaluwa wamfupi.
- Helianthus maximiliani (mpweya wa mpendadzuwa wa Maximilian) : Ukukula bwino kuchokera ku mbewu ndipo adzadzifesa.
Mitundu ya Nthaka Yovuta:
- Helianthus angustifolius (Mpendadzuwa wa mchenga) - Wokongola kwambiri kusiyana ndi kumveka. Mbewu 6, yomwe imaletsa mchere ndi zikhalidwe zosauka. Maluwa ake ali 3 mkati. Kudutsa, ndi reddish center disk.
- Helianthus debilis (Mpendadzuwa wa Gombe) - Frost tender, koma kulekerera kwambiri mchere. Amakula pafupifupi 4 ft. Wamtali ndipo amafalikira pang'onopang'ono, ndi 3 mkati. (Zigawo 8 mpaka 11.)
Zomwe Mungapange
Popeza kuti mpendadzuwa yosatha sichitha pachimake mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo, iwo ali abwino kumbuyo kwa malire.
Mwachimwemwe masamba awo ndi okongola kwambiri okongola ndipo amachititsa zojambula zabwino zokongola maluwa. Pakakhala pachimake, amakhala pamodzi ndi nyengo yambiri ya nyengo yamaluwa, komanso nyengo yamapeto, udzu wofiira ngati udzu wamsana ndi udzu wofiira. Masamba osakhwima ndi maluwa ngati miyala ya golide ndi asters ndi zofiirira zikugwera zimagwa ngati zomera ndi coneflowers ndi Joe Pye Weed amapanganso okondedwa.
Osatha sunflowers amapanga maluwa okoma bwino ndi kukopa njuchi ndi agulugufe.
Malangizo Okula
Nthaka: Helianthus imakhala yolekerera kwambiri nthaka zosiyanasiyana komanso nthaka yosiyanasiyana pH . Amafuna nthaka yochuluka yokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zakuthupi . Ngakhale akusowa nthaka yabwino, salola kuti chilala chikhale bwino, choncho sungani madzi.
Kubzala: Zimakhala zovuta kupeza mbewu ya osadzuwa osatha chifukwa mitundu yambiri yowonjezera ndi yambiri.
Koma popeza ali alimi ofulumira, njira yosavuta yofalitsira ndiyo kugawa zomera zomwe zilipo zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Mukhoza kudzala Helianthus m'chaka kapena kugwa, koma kubzala kasupe kukupatsani mphotho pamapeto pa nyengo.
Helianthus adzafalikira ndi rhizomes. Sungani zomera zanu osachepera 2 mpaka 3 peresenti, kotero ali ndi malo oti akule.
Kukonzekera: Helianthus ndi osamalidwa bwino. Amayenera kudulidwa kumapeto kwa mitundu ya masika komanso yautali. Zomera zimasowa madzi nthawi zonse, kuti zifike pamtunda wawo wokhwima ndikukhazikika. Ngati mulibe mankhwala okwanira m'nthaka yanu, muyenera kuwadyetsa ndi feteleza moyenera m'chaka komanso mwina pakati pa chilimwe.
Tizilombo ndi Mavuto
Kwa mbali zambiri, osadzuwa osatha ndizozilombo. Amatha kukhala ndi powdery mildew , koma kuwapatsa mpweya wambiri akuwombera. Kuonetsetsa kuti phokoso ligawidwa lirilonse lidzathandizanso kuti mpweya uziyenda mozungulira.