Anas clypeata
Pogwiritsa ntchito mayinawo, amachitcha kuti spoonbill, mphika wa kumpoto uli ndi ngongole yaikulu kwambiri ya bakha aliyense ku North America. Ndalamayi ndi yayitali kuposa mutu wa bakha, ndipo ili ndi nsonga yokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira kwambiri "yopanga" pamwamba pa madzi kuti adye chakudya. Koma ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe chimapanga abakha a fosholo?
Dzina Loyamba : Wosambira Kumpoto, Wosambira, Spoonbill Duck
Dzina la sayansi: Spatula clypeata (kale Anas clypeata )
Scientific Family: Anatidae
Kuwonekera ndi Kudziwika
Ngakhale ndalama zapulasitiki zakumpoto ndizopadera kwambiri, palinso zizindikiro zina zomwe zimapezeka pa amuna ndi akazi. Mbalame zomwe zimadziwa zonsezi sizikhala ndi vuto lodziwitsa spoonbill, ngakhale ngati sichiwona ndalamazo.
- Bill : Kutalika, kutayika, yaitali kuposa mutu, wakuda pa amuna ndi smudged lalanje-imvi pa akazi
- Kukula kwake : 18-20 mainchesi yaitali ndi mapiko 29-31-inch mapaipi, lalikulu bill, mchira waufupi
- Mitundu : Mdima wakuda, wobiriwira, wonyezimira, woyera, msuzi, bulauni, lalanje, ulusi wabuluu, imvi
- Zizindikiro : Amuna ali ndi mutu wobiriwira wambiri womwe ukhoza kuwoneka wakuda pamene uli mumthunzi kapena wosauka. Chifuwa ndi choyera pamene mimba ndi mazenera ndi mabokosi ndi chikopa choyera kumbuyo. Mdima wammbuyo umatulutsa mdima wonyezimira komanso woyera. Mphungu yakuda ingasonyezenso zobiriwira zakuda. Zakazi zimakhala zofiira, zowonongeka, ndi zakuda zonse zomwe zimakhala zakuda kwambiri, zomveka bwino pamutu, ndi mdima wandiweyani. Amuna onse ali ndi maso a chikasu, miyendo yowala ya lalanje ndi mapazi, mtundu wobiriwira wotchedwa speculum , ndi chiphaso cha mapiko a buluu omwe amatha kuwonekera.
Amitundu amafanana ndi akazi akuluakulu koma amakhala ndi msuzi pamutu, pamutu, ndi pamtunda mpaka amawombera m'madzi awo akuluakulu .
Zakudya, Zakudya, ndi Zochita
Mofanana ndi abakha onse osakanikirana, makoswe akummwera ndi omnivorous ndipo adzapaka zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Zomera zam'madzi, mbewu, tizilombo zamadzi, ndi timagulu timagulu tonse timadya. Ngakhale kuti mafosholo amadziwika kuti ndi a dabblers, nthawi zambiri samangofika kumalo odyetsera ndipo amalowetsa mphete zawo pamadzi, akuwoneka ngati akuwombera kapena kubweza ngongole zawo kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo pamene akusambira.
Izi zimapangitsa tizilombo ndi zomera kupyolera mu lamellae zomwe zimayang'ana pamphepete mwa ndalama zazikulu kuti mbalame zisaphonye chidutswa.
Habita ndi Kusamukira
Mabakha okwera pamahatchi amakonda nyanja zamchere, mathithi, malo odyetserako madzi, ndi madontho okwezeka okhala ndi matope osalimba. Zambiri za m'nyengo ya chilimwe zimachokera ku Alaska kupyola pakati pa Canada kum'mwera mpaka kumapiri a Colorado ndi kumpoto kwa New Mexico komanso kummawa monga St. Lawrence River ndi Massachusetts Bay. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba za kumpoto zimasamukira ku gombe la Pacific ndi kum'mwera kwa United States, komanso ku Caribbean, Mexico, ndi kumpoto kwa South America. Mbalamezi zikhoza kupezeka chaka chonse m'mapiri a kumadzulo, kuphatikizapo Utah, kum'mwera kwa Idaho, ndi kum'maŵa kwa Oregon ndi Washington.
Zifosholo za kumpoto zimapezeka m'madera ofanana ku Ulaya ndi ku Asia, kukhala chaka chonse m'madera ena a United Kingdom, France, ndi kuzungulira nyanja ya Mediterranean. M'nyengo yozizira, abakhawo anafalikira kum'mwera kwa Ulaya, kumpoto kwa Africa, ndi m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Nile komanso kudutsa ku Middle East, India, ndi kum'mwera chakum'maŵa kwa Asia kummawa kwa China ndi Japan. Pa nyengo yoswana, abakhawa amapezeka ku Scandinavia, kum'maŵa kwa Ulaya, Russia, ndi China.
Amuna ambiri amadziwika ku Australia.
Pakati pawo, abakhawa amatha kupezeka kumalo osungirako ziwombankhanga kumene mabwinja kapena nyanja zimapezeka m'mapaki, makamaka ngati malowa ali ndi malo ena abwino.
Zolemba
Mabakhawa sali oyankhula, ngakhale amuna amagwiritsa ntchito maitanidwe osiyanasiyana monga gawo la khalidwe lawo la chibwenzi. Kuitana kotereku kumaphatikizirapo pang'onopang'ono, phokoso la minofu ndi zida zochepa chabe, komanso phokoso la phokoso pamtunda.
Makhalidwe
Zifosholo za kumpoto zimapezeka pawiri kapena payekha panthawi yoperekera, koma zimatha kusonkhanitsa pamodzi ndi mitundu yambiri ya abakha , makamaka mchira kapena abulu ena, m'nyengo yozizira. Pamene akuthawa, abakhawa amalumphira mofulumira kupita kumlengalenga kuti atuluke mwamsanga.
Kubalana
Awa ndi abambo okhaokha komanso okwatirana pambuyo pa chibwenzi chomwe chimaphatikizapo maitanidwe, mapiko, ndi kutseka mutu.
Mkaziyo amamanga chisa chakuya chomwe chingakhale chapafupi ndi madzi kapena chingakhale kutali ndi madzi kudera la udzu, ndipo kupsinjika kwake kumakhala pansi, udzu wouma, ndi namsongole.
Mazira omwe amawoneka ngati maolivi ndi azitona, azungu, kapena obiriwira, ndipo pali mazira 5-20 omwe ali ndi ana . Mayi wachikazi amamwa mazira masiku 22-26, ndipo nkhuku zapanyumba zimatha kuchoka pa chisa mkati mwa maola ochepa. Mayi wachikazi adzasamalira ana aang'ono ndi kuwatsogolera ku chakudya kwa masiku ena 40-65 mpaka ulendo wawo woyamba. Anthu awiri omwe ali m'mipando ya kumpoto amafukula ana amodzi pachaka.
Kukopa Mitengo Yam'mwera
Mofanana ndi mabakha onse, mbalame za kumpoto sizowoneka ngati mbalame. Komabe, mbalame zomwe zimakondwera kuona bakha wokongola kwambiri, zimatha kuyendera madera osiyanasiyana osadziwika kumene tizilombo timagwiritsira ntchito ndizochepa komanso timadontho tambirimbiri timatha kutulutsa matope ndi namsongole kuti abakha awale.
Kusungirako
Ngakhale abakhawa ali ponseponse ndipo saganiziridwa kuti ali pangozi, iwo ali pangozi ya kuipitsidwa kwa poizoni, mitsempha ya nsomba, ndi zoopseza zomwezo. Kusungidwa kwa malo kudzathandiza kusunga chiwerengero chawo, ndipo m'madera ambiri, mafosholo akumpoto akuyang'aniridwa mosamala monga masewera okhwima.
Mbalame zofanana
- Mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos )
- Tealon Teal ( Anas cyanoptera )
- Tebulo lamapiko a Buluu ( Anas discors )
- Wojambula wa Australasian ( Anas rhynchotis )