Mbalame za Baird zimadziŵika ndi mbalame zambiri, koma si mbalame zambiri zomwe zimadziŵa momwe mbalamezo zimatchulidwira komanso momwe wolemba zachilengedwe, wolemba zachilengedwe ndi wojambula zinthu zamtengo wapatali wakhala akuyendera masiku ano.
Dzina : Spencer Fullerton Baird
Kubadwa : February 3, 1823, kuwerenga, Pennsylvania, United States
Imfa : August 19, 1887, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States
About Spencer Fullerton Baird
Spencer Baird, wachitatu wa ana asanu ndi awiri m'banja lake, adayendetsedwa ndi chilengedwe kuyambira ali aang'ono, akusangalala ndi munda ndi bambo ake ndi birding ndi mbale wake.
Baird anali wophunzira kwambiri, kulandira onse digiri ya Bachelor of Arts ndi Master of Arts kuchokera ku College ya Dickinson ku Carlisle, Pennsylvania komanso kutenga maphunziro ku Columbia University ku New York City, koma chidwi chake chachikulu pa chilengedwe chinali kudziphunzitsa, nthawi zambiri kupyolera nthawi yaitali amayenda panja. Anagawira chidwi ndi ophunzira pamene anali mphunzitsi wa mbiri yakale ku Dickinson, nthawi zambiri akutsogolera maphunziro ake kumadera akumidzi kuti apange zochitika zachilengedwe.
Baird anali ndi chiyambi chovomerezeka cha onithology , pokhala atakumana ndi John James Audubon mu 1838, kuchokera kwa iye amene anaphunzira zina mwa zikhazikitso za momwe angafotokozere mbalame mwasayansi. Anayanjananso ndi John Cassin ali mnyamata.
M'zaka za m'ma 1840 Baird ankayenda kwambiri, nthawi zambiri ndi kuthandizidwa ndi Smithsonian Institute pamene anali kusonkhanitsa zitsanzo za zojambula za museum. Anaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa kwake panthawiyo, ndipo anawonjezera nzeru zake osati mbalame zokha, komanso za zowomba, zomera ndi nsomba.
Mu 1846, Baird anakwatira Helen Churchill. Mwana wawo yekha, mwana wamkazi dzina lake Lucy Hunter Baird, anabadwa mu 1848.
Maluso a Baird m'mbiri ya chilengedwe komanso zomwe adasungira Smithsonian Institute zinamupangitsa kuti asankhidwe kukhala woyang'anira oyang'anira musemu mu 1850, udindo womwe adachita ndi chikhumbo chofuna kukonzanso kalembedwe ka museum.
Analimbikitsa chidwi chachikulu pa mbiri ya chilengedwe cha United States ndi North America onse, ndipo adasintha museumyo kudzera mwa kuwonetsa kugawidwa kwakukulu kwa malonda ndi malo ena osungiramo zinthu zakale kuzungulira dzikoli. Anaperekanso ziwerengero zake zambiri ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, zomwe zina zidakali m'gulu la museum. Zolemba ndi zofukufuku zinasinthanso, kuthandiza kulimbikitsa kafukufuku wa bungwe.
Atawerenga kale kwambiri, Baird nayenso anakhala wolemba mabuku ambiri. Anasindikiza mapepala, mabuku ndi mabuku oposa 1,200 m'moyo wake, ambiri omwe amachitika ndi mbiri yakale, komanso mbalame komanso nkhani zina.
Spencer Baird anamwalira mu 1887, ndipo anaikidwa m'manda ku Oak Hill m'manda a Washington, DC ku Georgetown.
Zopereka kwa Mbalame
Ngakhale kuti Baird sanagwire ntchito mwakhama kwambiri, zopereka zake ku malo osungiramo zinyama za mbalame komanso kumvetsetsa mbiri ya chilengedwe cha mbalame sayenera kuchitapo kanthu.
- Anapanga mndandanda wambiri wa Smithsonian Institute, ndipo mu malonda a malonda ndi malo ena osungiramo zinthu zakale kudziko lonse, adabweretsanso mbalame zotetezedwa ku mabungwe ena ambiri. Zosungidwazo zimapangitsa kuti mbalame zisamayang'ane kwambiri poyesa kuchepetsa momwe anthu amakhudzidwira.
- Mlembi wamkulu wa A History of North American Birds (1874 - Little, Brown, ndi Company), Catalog of North American Birds (1859 - Smithsonian Institute) ndi zolemba zina zambiri.
- Wachiyambi wa bungwe la American Ornithologists 'Union mu 1883, ngakhale kuti anakana kupezeka pamsonkhano wapachaka chaka chino chifukwa cha ntchito yake ya museum.
- Gulu la Baird Ornithological komwe akubadwira ku Reading, Pennsylvania limatchulidwa mu ulemu wake. Gululi linakhazikitsidwa mu 1922 ndipo likulimbikitsanso chidwi cha Baird ndi kudzipereka kwa mbiri ya mbalame mpaka lero.
Mbalame Zitchulidwa Pambuyo pa Spencer Fullerton Baird
Ulemu waukulu kwa aliyense woperekedwa kwa mbalame ndi kukhala ndi mbalame yotchulidwa kwa iwo . Spencer Baird imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mbalame zingapo zomwe zimawonetsera ulemu umenewo m'maina awo omwe ndi maina awo, komanso kusunga dzina lake kwa mbalame kwa mibadwo yonse.
- Akikiki ( Oreomystis bairdi )
- Baird's Flycatcher ( Myiodynastes bairdii )
- Mbalame ya Baird ( Calidris bairdii )
- Mbalame ya Baird ( Ammodramus bairdii )
- Baird's Trogon ( Trogon bairdii )
- Banded Prinia ( Prinia bairdii )
- Cozumel Vireo ( Vireo bairdi )
- Ivory-Anadzaza Mitengo Yopangira Mitengo, subspecies za Cuba ( Campephilus principalis bairdii )
- Ndalama Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamodzi ( Acanthidops bairdi )
Chithunzi - Baird's Sandpiper © Dominic Sherony