Sipinachi ndi masamba obiriwira omwe amakula bwino m'nyengo yozizira. Kawirikawiri amaganiza kuti ali wodzaza ndi chitsulo, sipinachi imakhala yoposa ma vitamini A ndi C, thiamin, potaziyamu ndi folic acid (imodzi mwa mavitamini ambiri a B). Sipinachi, monga masamba ambiri amdima obiriwira, amakhalanso ndi carotenoids lutein ndi zeaxanthin. O, ndipo zimakonda kudya kwambiri kapena kuphika.
Sipinachi yonse imakula chifukwa cha masamba ake obiriwira.
Ngakhale pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sipinachi yomwe ili ndi maonekedwe ndi masamba, sipinachi nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: tsamba losalala ndi savoy. Chifukwa chakuti adagwidwa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuzigawa. Sipinachi yaing'ono kapena sipinachi yachinyama yayamba kutchuka kwambiri posachedwapa. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti sipadzakhala masamba osapinachi, koma mitundu yomwe imangokhala yaikulu.
Dzina la Latin
Spinacia oleracea
Dzina Loyamba
Sipinachi
USDA Hardiness Zone ndi Kuwonetsera
Chaka chilichonse
Chiwonetsero
Dzuwa Lonse / Mtengo Wagawo
Masiku Okolola
Masabata 4 mpaka 6 kuchokera ku mbewu. Mukhoza kuyamba kukolola nthawi iliyonse masamba ali aakulu mokwanira.
Kukolola
Sipinachi ingakololedwe mudulidwe ndi njira yobwereranso yokolola letesi. Dulani masamba aliwonse, kuyambira wamkulu, masamba akunja, ndikusiya masamba ang'ono mkati kuti apitirize kukula ndikutha kukolola. Mukhozanso kudula mbewu yonse, kuti mukolole zochuluka.
Ngati mutadula pafupifupi masentimita pamwamba pa korona kapena pansi pa chomera, zikutheka kuti chomera chidzatulutsa masamba atsopano.
Malangizo Pogwiritsira ntchito sipinachi
- Sipinachi, makamaka masamba omwe ali ndi masamba ophwanyika, amapachika panthaka. Sambani bwino musanagwiritse ntchito.
- Masamba a sipinachi ndi ofunika kwambiri ku gasi ya ethylene yoperekedwa ndi zipatso zambiri. Musasunge firiji ndi maapulo, mavwende kapena tomato.
- Sipinachi ikhoza kukhala yozizira kuti idzagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo. Sambani masamba bwino ndikuwalola kuti aziume kaye musanalowe mu thumba lopanda mafuta. Kenako perekani kwa mphindi imodzi mu microwave, pamwamba. Lolani kuti muzizizira pang'ono ndi kuziika mufiriji. Zagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mkati mwa miyezi 3 mpaka 6.
Tizilombo ndi Mavuto
Popeza sipinachi imakula pamene nyengo ili yozizira komanso yonyowa, matenda angapo a bowa, monga downy mildew (buluu nkhungu) ndi fusarium wilt , akhoza kukhala mavuto. Sungani zomera za sipinachi, choncho zimayenda bwino ndikuyesera kusunga masamba madzulo.
Nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala zoopsa chifukwa zingathe kufalitsa mavairasi. Onetsetsani nsabwe za m'masamba nthawi zonse ndikuzipereka nthawi yomweyo.
Mbalame zazikuluzikulu pakati pawo, zikuluzikulu za akalulu angapo, zidzamenyana ndi sipinachi.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana
(Kuchokera ku National Gardening Bureau)
- Matenda Otsutsana:
- 'Melody,' 'Nordic IV,' 'Olympia,' 'Tyee' ndi 'Wolter.'
- Kukala : 'Avon,' 'Chilimwe cha Indian,' 'Melody,' 'Razzle Dazzle' ndi 'Tyee.
- Kuyala Kwambiri pa Zima :
- 'Bloomsdale Long Standing,' 'Cold Resistant Savoy' ndi 'Tyee.'
- Zogulitsa: 'Baby's Leb Hybrid' ndi 'Melody.'
- Njira Zasipinachi:
- Sipinachiyake ya New Zealand (Tetragonia tetragonioides) - Yambani mu kapangidwe ndi kulawa, koma mu banja losiyana kwambiri ndi masamba.
- Malabar sipinachi (Basella alba) - Chomera chosakanikirana chomera chomwe chingatenge kutentha kwambiri. Sankhani wachinyamata, kapena masamba atenge pang'ono.
Mfundo Zowonjezera
Nthaka: Sipinachi imakonda nthaka yokonzera bwino popanda pH ndale ndipo sichidzasangalala pH pansi kuposa 6.0. Chifukwa ndi wodzala mofulumira, ndiwe wodyetsa kwambiri. Manyowa omwe ali ndi nitrojeni, nambala yoyamba pa phukusi la feteleza, amathandizira kupanga masamba a mdima, wathanzi. Emulsion wa nsomba ndi chakudya cha soya ndizosankha zabwino za mtundu.
Kubzala: Mukhoza kuyamba sipinachi m'nyumba kapena kutsogolera mbeu m'munda mwamsanga pamene dothi likugwira ntchito. Sipinachi imakula mofulumira, kotero musayambe zomera mkati mwa masabata awiri kapena atatu musanabzala kuti muwapatse. Sipinachi imakula komanso imapita ku mbewu mofulumira, choncho ndibwino kubwezeretsanso masabata angapo kusiyana ndi kuyesa mbewu yaikulu kuti ikolole nthawi.
Bzalani mbewu ya sipinachi m'magawo omwe amagawanika pa 1 mpaka 1 1/2 pambali kapena pokhapokha mubalalitse mbewuzo. Phimbani bwino ndi nthaka, mwamphamvu pamalo ndi madzi bwino. Sungani dothi lonyowa mpaka kumera. Mitengo ikakula masamba awo enieni, mukhoza kuyamba kupopera zomera mpaka 6 "pambali. Inde, mukhoza kudya zakudya zanu.
Pamene nyengo ikuwomba, zomera zosapinachi zidzathamanga mofulumira. Yembekezerani kuti musaleke kufesa mbewu za sipinachi nthawi ina mu May kapena June, malingana ndi nyengo yanu. Mukhoza kuwonjezera nyengoyi ndikudzala mumthunzi wa zomera zazitali ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse sipinachi.
Zomera Zogwa : Sipinachi imakula imakula bwino, nthawi yochepa. Yambani kumera kachiwiri kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August. Sungani mbande mthunzi ndi kuthirira ndi kutentha kwa chilimwe, ndipo ayenera kukonzekera kukolola kuyambira mu September.
Kupitiriza kuwononga mbewu za sipinachi : Mukhoza kupitiriza kufesa mbewu za sipinachi kumapeto kwa nyengo ya kugwa. M'nyengo yotentha, mungathe kukolola bwino m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati nthaka imathamanga musanayambe kukula, yikani ndi udzu ndikuzisiya mpaka kutentha kutentha kachiwiri. Chotsani mulch, ndipo zomera ziyenera kupitiriza kukula, kukupatsani zokolola ngakhale poyamba.
Kukula Sipinachi mu Zida: Ngati malo ali olimba kapena akalulu ambiri, mungathe kukula sipinachi mosavuta. Ngakhale pang "ono 10 mpaka 12" poto kapena bokosi lazenera lidzachita: Tani monga momwe mungakhalire m'munda. Muyenera kuthira madzi nthawi zambiri kuchokera pamene zowuma zikuwuma mofulumira.
Kusinthitsa Sipinachi: Sitidzalangize sipinachi mu bedi la maluwa chifukwa otsutsa ambiri amapanga chotupitsa. Komabe, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito malo omwe ali ndi mpanda wolimba kwambiri m'munda wa masamba , komwe zomera zina zimadwala. Monga tafotokozera, mukhoza kukula sipinachi mumthunzi wokhala ndi masamba aakulu ndi pafupi ndi zomera zomwe zidzayamba kufalikira monga sipinachi ikatha nyengo yake, monga nyemba zambewu ndi chimanga.