Collards ndi membala wa banja la Brassicaceae . Amakulira masamba awo, omwe amaphika, mofanana ndi kale. Kuphika kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi ku South America kuphika ndipo zomera zimakondadi nyengo yozizira. Iwo amapezeka kummawa kwa Mediterranean ndi Asia Minor, koma zomera zimakula mosavuta m'madera ambiri.
Mofanana ndi kale, makoleji ndi makutu osakhala mutu. Ndipotu, collards ndi kale kawirikawiri akhala ngati masamba omwewo.
Mankhwalawa sali osiyana kwambiri, koma kuswana ndi kulima kwa zaka zambiri kwatulutsa zomera zosiyanasiyana. Masamba a Collard ali ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu, ovunda, mitsempha yosaoneka bwino komanso yosalala, yomwe imafuna kuphika kwambiri kusiyana ndi kale ndi makola amayamba kukhala owopsa kwambiri komanso nthawi zina.
Kuphika masamba ndiwo ndiwo ndiwo zamasamba zowonjezera zomwe mungathe kudya ndi maluwa, makamaka, odzaza ndi mavitamini A, C ndi K, mavitamini osungunuka, calcium, folate, manganese ndi tryptophan - komanso makilogalamu osachepera 50 pothandizira. Kudya makola anu amodzi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa cholesterol yanu yoipa.
- Masamba: Masamba a Collard ndi ofewa ndipo amawotchera, ndipo amatchulidwa kuti veining. Zitha kukhala zazikulu komanso zowala kwambiri. Zimayambira zimakhala zolimba komanso zolimba.
- Maluwa: Mofanana ndi banja la cruciferous, maluwa okongola amakhala ndi mabala anayi achikasu monga mawonekedwe a mtanda. Iwo amadya ndipo amakhala okoma, kabichi-ngati kukoma.
Dzina la Latin
Brassica oleracea L. subsp. acephala
Dzina Loyamba
Collards, Collard Greens, Mtengo Kabichi
Malo Ovuta
Collards akhoza kudutsa-nyengo yozizira kuchokera ku madera okongola a USDA 6, koma iwo ali abwino okha.
Chiwonetsero
Dzuwa lonse ku Mtengo Wagawo.
Kukula msinkhu
Kukula kwa zomera zanu kumadalira zosiyanasiyana zomwe mukukula, nthawi zambiri mukukolola ndi kukula.
Zomera zokhwima zimafika paliponse kuyambira 20 mpaka 36 mkati. (H) x 24 - 36 mkati. (W)
Masiku Okolola
Mitundu yambiri ili okonzeka kukolola masiku 55 mpaka 75. Mukhoza kukolola masamba ngati mukufunikira kapena kudula zomera zonse. Ngati mutadula chomera chonsecho akadakali wamng'ono, korona iyenera kubweretsera zokolola zina zowonjezera.
Mitundu Yokongola ya Collard
Collards kaŵirikaŵiri amagawidwa ndi 2 zizindikiro zokula, tsamba lomwe liri lotayirira ndi zomwe zimapanga mutu wosayirira. Mitundu yachikhalidwe, monga 'Vates' ndi 'Georgia', imapanga zomera zosasunthika, zotseguka. Zina mwazitsamba zatsopano, monga 'Morris Heading', zimakula mofulumira ndikudzipangira okha, kupanga mutu wosasunthika ndi chomera chokwanira. Kutulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiko kusankha bwino ngati mukufuna kukolola zomera zonse mwakamodzi. Ngati mukufuna masamba otsala, ndimasankha tsamba losalala.
- 'Champion' - A 'Vates' wosakanizidwa. Kabichi-ngati masamba amasunga bwino. G ood kwa minda yaing'ono. (Masiku 60)
- ' Sungani ' - Zing'onozing'ono zomera, koma alimi olimba kwambiri. Zosasangalatsa, masamba okoma. (Masiku 55)
- 'Georgia' - Zomera zazikulu ndi masamba, ofewa. Kutenthetsa ndi kutenthetsa. (Masiku 75)
- 'Green Glaze' - Mdima wonyezimira, masamba obiriwira omwe sawonongeka kawirikawiri ndi mbozi. (Masiku 75)
- 'Mabala' - Chomera chokwanira chokhala ndi masamba osalala kwambiri. (Masiku 75)
Pogwiritsa ntchito masamba a Collard
Maluwa a Collard ndi othandizira kwambiri. Mukhoza kuyesa njira yowonjezera, koma ndimakonda kuwasiya ndi zinthu zina ndipo mwina ndikuwotchera, ndikuwombera.
Zokolola zimachoka pamene zimakhala zosalala komanso zolimba. Achinyamata, okoma masamba adzakhala osachepera kwambiri. Mukhoza kuwasungira pamapepala osungira mapepala kwa masiku 3 mpaka 4, koma ngati atasungidwa, amakhala owawa kwambiri. Ndi bwino kukolola ngati pakufunika.
Pali chifukwa chabwino cha mawu akuti "mess o 'masamba." Munda umodzi wa masamba osaphika umatulutsa pafupifupi 1/2 chikho cha masamba ophika.
Collard Maphikidwe
- Southern Style Collards
- Mavitambo Akuda ndi Ginger
- Saut e ed Collards ndi Kale
- Zithunzi za Cajun za Braised Collards
Collard Greens Kukula Nsonga
Nthaka: Collards adzakhala ndi mavuto ochepa ndi clubroot ngati muwadzala mu nthaka yochepa ya pH ya nthaka pH ya 6.0 mpaka 6.5.
Popeza mukukula mabala a masamba, mudzafuna nthaka yochuluka, yokhala ndi zinthu zamtundu uliwonse .
Kubzala: Mutha kuyambitsa mbewu kuchokera ku mbewu kapena kuika. Amatha kuthana ndi nyengo yoziziritsa yozizira. Yambani mbewu kunja, pafupi masabata awiri musanafike masika anu otsiriza chisanu kapena muyambire mutu pofesa mbewu m'nyumba , masabata 4-6 mmbuyomo ndikubzala mbewu kumapeto kwa chisanu chanu chotsiriza chisanu. Kukolola kugwa m'malo ozizira, pitani mkatikati mwa chilimwe, pafupi masabata 6 mpaka 8 chisanachitike chisanu. Ndi chitetezo, mutha kukolola masamba obiriwira mpaka m'nyengo yozizira.
Mu USDA hardiness zones 8 ndi apamwamba, mutenga mbewu yanu yochuluka mwa kubzala mu kugwa ndi kukolola m'nyengo yozizira. Nyengo yam'madzi imatulutsa masamba ambiri komanso amadyera masamba.
Bzalani mbewu 1/4 mpaka 1/2 mkati. Collards ndi zazikulu, zotseguka zomera. Mukhoza kupatula mphindi 18 mpaka 24 kapena kupatula mbewu zowonjezera ndi zochepa ndikudya zomera zazing'ono, kufikira mutayang'ana malo omwe mukufuna.
Kusungirako
Sungani zomera bwino ndikukolola nthawi zonse, kuti muzitumize masamba atsopano.
Chovala chovala ndi manyowa opangira mankhwala kapena feteleza pang'onopang'ono pakatha masabata 4 mpaka 6 kuti mbeu izi zikule, kupyolera mu zokolola mobwerezabwereza.
Mulch amachititsa kuti dothi lisawonongeke komanso masambawo akhale oyera.
Maluwa a Collard akhoza kutenga chisanu, koma mutaya masamba anu ngati kutentha kumakhala pansi kozizira kwa nthawi yaitali. Kuti mupitirize kukolola m'madera ozizira, tetezani maluwa anu a mtundu wotchedwa collard ndi nyumba yachitsulo kapena ozizira. Collards ndi biennial, kotero zomera zidzafunika kuti ziwongedwe ngati mukukonzekera kusunga mbewu.
Tizilombo ndi Matenda a Collard Greens
Collards amakhudzidwa ndi matenda omwewo ndi tizilombo toononga monga ena a banja la kabichi, ngakhale masamba awo owopsa amateteza.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Matenda oyang'anira awa ndi; Blackleg, kuvunda wakuda, clubroot ndi kabichi chikasu.
Matenda amayamba kumera m'nthaka, choncho musabzale makola pamalo omwewo chaka chilichonse.
Sinthirani masamba anu onse omwe mumapanga mchere komanso ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, musasiye iwo atayima m'nyengo yozizira.