Mbalame Zowona - Kuwona, Kumva, Kukhudza, Kulawa ndi Kusuta

Kodi mbalame zimawona bwino motani? Kodi iwo angamve chiyani? Kodi mbalame zimakhoza kununkhiza? Kodi nthenga zawo zimamva kugwira? Kodi amamva zinthu zosiyana? Mbalame zimadalira mphamvu zawo zisanu kuti zikhale ndi moyo, ndipo mphamvu za mbalame zakonzedwa kuti zithandize mbalame kuti zikhale bwino.

Kumvetsetsa Mbalame Zowona

Mbalame zili ndi mphamvu zisanu zomwe anthu amachita - kuona, kumva, kugwira, kulawa, ndi kununkhiza - koma ndizopadera kuti zitha kupulumuka mbalame.

Ngakhale kuti mphamvu zenizeni za mbalame zimakhala zogwirizana ndi mitundu yake, mphamvu zonse za mbalame zili ndi zizindikiro zina.

Kuwona

Maso ndi ofunika kwambiri pa mbalame ndipo amadalira kwambiri kuthaŵa, kuwombera nyama zowonongeka ndi kupeza chakudya. Mbalame zimakhala ndi retina wambiri kuposa anthu ndipo maso awo ndi akuluakulu molingana ndi kukula kwake kwa mutu. Iwo ali ndi ziboda zolimba kwambiri ndi ma cones - maselo "akuwona" atanyamula pa retina, kuwapatsa masomphenya apamwamba mu zonse zakuda ndi zoyera ndi mtundu. Mitundu yambiri ya mbalame ikuwona kuti si yaikulu kuposa anthu, koma mitundu ina, monga hummingbirds, imatha kuona mitundu yambiri ya mazira.

Maso a mbalame amakhala okongola kwambiri pakuona kayendetsedwe ka tsatanetsatane. Mbalame zimatha kuona zochepa kapena zochepa kwambiri kuposa katatu kuposa anthu, zomwe zingawathandize kupeza chakudya mosavuta, kapena kuwona nyama zowonongeka. M'magulu ambiri, maso amakhala pambali pamutu, kuwapatsa mawonekedwe ambiri kuposa anthu.

Mbalame zokhala ndi maso pambali mwa mutu wawo, monga mbalame za nyimbo zambiri, zimatha kuyang'ana m'mbuyo mwazokha, zomwe zingakhale zothandiza kufufuza zowonongeka ndi kuthawa.

Chifukwa chakuti masomphenya awo ndi ovuta kwambiri, mbalame zili ndi makina omwe amathandiza kuteteza maso awo ndi kuwayeretsa kawirikawiri.

Nthawi zambiri mbalame zimatha kufalitsa mapiko awo kuti ziziteteze maso awo, ndipo zikadzamenyana, zimadziwika kuti zimapita kumaso a adani awo.

Kumva

Kumva ndi chinthu chachiwiri chofunika kwambiri cha mbalame ndipo makutu awo amamveka mozungulira. Makutu ali kumbuyo kwenikweni ndi m'maso, ndipo amapezeka ndi nthenga zofewa - zolembera - pofuna chitetezo. Mmene mutu wa mbalame umapangidwira zimakhudzanso kumva kwake, monga ziphuphu , zomwe maso ake amathandiza kumamveka kumveka kumvetsera. Zokhumudwitsa zomwe zimatchedwa khutu za nkhuku zambiri za mbalame ndi mbalame zina , ngakhale zilibe kanthu, sizikugwirizana ndi kumva.

Mbalame zimamva maulendo ang'onoang'ono kuposa anthu, koma zimakhala ndi luso lodziwika bwino. Mbalame zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, kutulutsa mawu ndi nyimbo zimagwiritsira ntchito zosiyana siyana kuti zizindikire mbalame zina, ngakhalenso gulu lamphongo. Mbalame zimagwiritsanso ntchito zizindikiro zosiyana , nyimbo ndi kuyitana mosiyana. Kuzindikira zovuta zosiyana ndizofunikira kudziwa ngati foni ndi chenjezo la wanyama, kulengeza malonda kapena gawo logawana chakudya. Anthu ambiri okwera mbalame amaphunzira mayitanidwe ndi makutu awo ndi khutu zingakhale zothandiza osati kuzindikira kokha mbalame komanso kumvetsa khalidwe lawo.

Mbalame zina, makamaka mbalame zam'nyanja, zimagwiritsanso ntchito echolocation, monga momwe amalulu amachitira. Mbalamezi zimakhala m'mapanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zawo mofulumira ndikuzengereza kuti ziziyenda m'mapanga a mdima momwe masomphenya okhudzidwa sangakhale othandiza kupeza njira yawo.

Gwirani

Mbalame sizigwiritsa ntchito mofanana ngati anthu koma zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri, makamaka kuthawa. Mbalame zimakhala zovuta kumvetsa kusintha kwa mpweya, kuthamanga ndi mphepo yamkuntho, ndipo kusintha kumeneku kumasunthira nthenga ku mitsempha yambiri pakhungu. Mbalame zina zimakhala ndi nthenga zapadera - zokongola zamkati - kuzungulira ngongole zomwe zingakhale ndi cholinga chokhudza pamene mukudyetsa tizilombo kapena kumwa mowa , kumapereka mphamvu zowonjezera pakhomo ndi pamaso. Kuyanjanitsa ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la khalidwe la chibwenzi pa mitundu yambiri ya mbalame ndipo zingakhale zogwirizana ndi momwe mungakhudzire komanso mbalame zikugwirana nthenga.

Palibe nthenga, komabe zimakhala ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha, zimangotumiza ku khungu.

Mbalame zimakhala ndi mitsempha yochepa m'milingo ndi mapazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisamavutike kwambiri ndi kuzizira kwambiri ndipo zimawalola kuti azigona kapena kuziima pamalo ozizira kapena otentha popanda zovuta. Mbalame zina zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mapulogalamu awo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azidyetsa mosavuta pofufuza pogwiritsa ntchito matope, madzi kapena zipangizo zina. Izi zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mbalame zomwe zimakhala ndi misonkho yaitali, yapadera.

Sakani

Mbalame zimakhala ndi tanthauzo la kulawa, koma sizoyeretsedwa bwino. Malingana ndi zamoyo, mbalame zimakhala zosakwana 50 kapena pafupifupi 500, pamene anthu ali ndi masamba 9,000-10,000. Mbalame zimatha kulawa kukoma kokoma, kowawa komanso kowawa, ndipo zimaphunzira kuti ndi ziti zomwe zimakonda kwambiri komanso zowonjezera. Kumvetsetsa zosiyana siyana kumasiyana ndi mitundu, koma mbalame zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zina - kuona ndi kumva kwambiri - kupeza zakudya zabwino.

Chifukwa cha zokonda zawo zosadziwika, pamene mbalame zimasonyeza zokonda zakudya zina, nthawi zambiri zimadalira zinthu zina. Nyama ingasankhe chakudya chimodzi pa wina osati chifukwa cha kulawa, koma chifukwa chosavuta kupeza, pamakhala mpikisano wochepa, bizinesi yawo imakhala yokonzeka bwino kuti idye kapena imakhala ndi zakudya zabwino zomwe zimafuna zakudya .

Futa

Maganizo a kununkhiza ndizovuta kwambiri kwa mbalame zambiri. Mitundu yambiri ya mbalame ili ndi malo ochepa kwambiri m'mimba mwawo, ndipo sagwiritsa ntchito fungo kwambiri. Izi zimatsutsa nthano kuti mbalame zokhala ndi mbalame zikanakana kukangoyamba kumene kwagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu - mbalame zoimba mosavuta zimatha kuzindikira kuti fungo la munthu.

Pali mitundu ina ya mbalame, komabe, imakhala ndi malingaliro abwino kwambiri a kununkhiza. Mitsempha , kiwis, uchigugu, albatrosses, petrels, ndi zamchere zimagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zawo zamunthu kuti azipeza chakudya. Mbalamezi zimatha kumva fungo kuchokera kutali, ngakhale kuti fungo lingakhale losaoneka ndi anthu.

Chifukwa Chake Mbalame Zimaganizira Zambiri

Mwa kumvetsa mphamvu za mbalame, mbalame zimatha kuphunzira za khalidwe la mbalame ndi momwe zingagwiritsire ntchito kwambiri mabala awo kumunda ndi kumbuyo.

• Chifukwa mbalame zimawona bwino kwambiri, ndi bwino kuvala zovala zoyenera kuti zimveke , kuphatikizapo mitundu yopanda ndale. Kuwonjezera mitundu yoyenera kumbuyo kwa nyumba kungathandizenso kukopa mbalame mwa kuyambitsa maso awo okongola.
• Chifukwa cha kumva kwapadera kwa mbalame, kubisala mwakachetechete kungakhale kothandiza kupeza mbalame ndi kukopa chidwi chawo. Loud, mfuu mwadzidzidzi, komabe, ikhoza kuwopsya mbalame mosavuta. Nyimbo za foni zam'manja, agalu akugwedeza, ndi masewera akuluakulu onse ayenera kuchepetsedwa pozungulira malo ozungulira.
• Musagwire mbalame zakutchire, ngati dzanja lamphamvu lingathe kuwononga mapepala awo othandizira ndikuletsa kuthawa kwawo. Chokhacho chokhacho, chokhudza kwambiri chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chiri chofunikira kwambiri. Nthenga siziyenera kudulidwa kapena kuti mitsempha ya mbalame iwonongeke kwambiri.
• Odya mbalame zoyenera ndi zofunika chifukwa mbalame sizikhoza kulawa ngati chakudya chayamba kuwononga ndipo chikhoza kukhala choopsa. Mofananamo, nthawi zonse musiye mbalame kapena chakudya china chomwe chimasonyeza ziwonongeko monga nkhungu kapena bowa.
• Kusankha zomera zonunkhira popanga malo sikudzakopa mbalame. M'malo mwake, konzani malo okongola a mbalame ndi zomera zomwe zimakhala ngati chakudya komanso malo ogona. Mitengo yambiri ya timadzi tokoma ta hummingbirds , mwachitsanzo, ndi yapamwamba kwambiri.

Mbalame zimakhala ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa, komanso kumvetsetsa momwe amagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zawo zisanu ndizofunika kwambiri kuti mbalame zizikhala ndi moyo komanso kuzikonda pamtunda uliwonse.