Mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja 101: Phunzirani Mitundu ya Mphepete Mbalame

Pali mbalame zambiri zomwe zimakonda kukwera m'mphepete mwa nyanja: nyamakazi, abakha, mbalame zam'mphepete, mpheta, atsekwe, ndi tern ndizo mbalame zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri kuti ziwone. Ngakhale ziphuphu , mphungu , ndi zida zina komanso nthawi zina zinyama, egret, ndi swallow zimapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja . Pamene mbalame zimagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti shorebirds, komabe, akukamba za mitundu yeniyeni ya mbalame zomwe zimasiyana ndi thupi komanso khalidwe. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja zimene zimatha kukhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja, malo odyetserako madzi, madambo, ndi madera ena. Kumvetsa kusiyana kwachinsinsi pakati pa mtundu uliwonse kungakuthandizeni kuphunzira kuzindikira mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja mosavuta .

• 01 a 07

  Mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja

  Mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja zimakhala ndi maonekedwe ndi makulidwe ambiri, koma zonsezi zimagawana makhalidwe enaake. Pafupifupi mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja zimakonda kwambiri malo okhala mvula ndi mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kapena m'midzi yambiri . Ambiri am'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi odyera komanso amadya mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo, timadzi timeneti timene timapanga timadzi timeneti, timadzi timadzi, tizilombo ta mphutsi, tadpoles, ndi nyama zomwezo. Zamoyo, mbalamezi zimakhala ndi mitu yambiri, nthawi zambiri miyendo yaitali, komanso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti apeze chakudya mumchenga, matope, miyala, ndi madzi. Mbalame zambiri za m'mphepete mwa nyanja zimagwira ntchito, ndipo gulu lophatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndilofala. Pa nyengo yobereketsa, mbalamezi zimakhala zamanyazi ndipo zimakhala zododometsa kwambiri pofuna kuteteza zisa zawo ndi anapiye. Dzina lakuti shorebird limaphatikizapo mabanja angapo okhudzana ndi mbalame omwe ali mbali ya gulu losiyana, ndipo mitundu yoposa 180 ikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi mbalame zam'mphepete mwa nyanja padziko lonse lapansi.

• 02 a 07

  Mapemphero

  Mphepete mwa mbalamezi zimakhala zazikulu zokwera mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja zomwe zimakhala ndi mitu yaing'ono, yoonda kwambiri, yolipira ngongole, komanso miyendo yochepa kwambiri. Pali mitundu inayi yokha ya mapuloteni, ndipo chifukwa chakuti ndi ochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amayang'ana mbalame kwa mbalame zomwe zimayenda kwambiri. Mbalame yakuda yofiira ndi yoyera imapezeka ku Africa, Europe, ndi Asia, avocet-red-necked avocet ikupezeka ku Australia ndipo avoti a white Andean akupezeka ku South America. Nyuzipepala ya ku America ndiyo yokhayo yomwe imapezeka ku North America, yomwe imawonekera mosavuta, makamaka mu mabala ake okongola a sinamoni. Ma avocet onse ali mbali ya banja la Recurvirostridae lomwe limaphatikizapo mazenera. Mitundu iwiri ya mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja imapezeka pamodzi, ngakhale m'madera ozaza.

• 03 a 07

  Jacanas

  Jacanas ndi mbalame zam'mphepete mwa nyanja zomwe zimakhala ndi miyendo yaitali, yopyapyala komanso zala zazikulu kwambiri, zazing'ono kwambiri. Zilonda zazing'onozi zimathandiza mbalamezi kuti ziziyenda pamwamba pa mabala a kakombo ndi zomera zina m'mapiri otentha kuti zikhoze kumadzi ozizira popanda kumira. Chifukwa chakuti mbalamezi ndi mbalame zam'mlengalenga, ziphuphu zawo zimakhala zokongola kwambiri komanso zimakhala zotentha kwambiri kuposa mbalame zambiri za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndipo zina zimakhala ndi zofiira, zachikasu, kapena zalalanje kapena zachikopa za khungu. Pali mitundu 8 yokha ya jacana padziko lapansi, ndipo onse ndi a Jacanidae . Malinga ndi zigawo zina, a Jacacana angaganizidwe mofanana ndi mbalame zowomba kuposa mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, koma zimatha kukhazikitsidwa mwa njira iliyonse.

• 04 a 07

  Oyendetsa ululu

  Oyendetsa mbalame nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika, amphepete mwa nyanja omwe ali ndi mitsempha yaitali, yowongoka, yowongoka mwamphamvu kwambiri moti imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuti ikhale ndi pry oyster, clams, ndi mussels yomwe imakhala ndi miyala yosautsa ndipo imasokoneza zokoma zimenezi. Mbalamezi zili ndi matupi akuluakulu, ndipo miyendo yawo ndi yowopsya kuposa mbalame zina zam'mphepete mwa nyanja. Mdima wamdima wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya oystercatcher ndi wofanana kwambiri ndipo njira yabwino yodziwira mbalamezi ndi malo, popeza ambiri a iwo ali ndi malire osawerengeka. Oyendetsa mbalame zonse ndi mbali ya banja la mbalame ya Haematopodidae ndipo pali mitundu khumi ndi iwiri ya mitundu yonse padziko lapansi, malingana ndi momwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagawanika kapena imagwidwa ndi subspecies.

• 05 a 07

  Plovers

  Mbalameyi ndi gulu losiyanasiyana la mbalame zazing'ono zam'mphepete mwa nyanja zomwe zimakhala ndi zomangamanga, zochepa, mizendo yochepa, miyendo yochepa, ndi ngongole zochepa, zomveka. Zingwe zambiri zimakhala ndi magulu osiyana pamutu kapena pachifuwa ndipo zingasonyezenso mapiko amodzimodzi. Makhalidwe awo amantha afupipafupi, amaima mofulumira, ndi kuyang'ana mozungulira pamene akukhala pamwamba pa madzi akudyetsa tizilombo ndi chitsimikizo champhamvu kwa iwo. Zina, monga killdeer, komabe, zimapezeka kutali ndi madzi, koma zimagawidwa ndi ziwalo za thupi ndi makhalidwe awo ndi achibale awo ena. Mitengo yonse, pafupifupi 65 mitundu padziko lonse kuphatikizapo lapwings ndi dotterels, ndi banja la Charadriidae mbalame.

• 06 cha 07

  Masipupa

  Chigawo chosiyana kwambiri cha mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mchenga. Ukulu ndi maonekedwe amasiyana kwambiri ndi mbalame zazing'ono, zowonongeka mpaka mitundu yochuluka, yodziwika bwino. Mbalame zonsezi zimakhala ndi ndalama zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kufufuza mchenga kapena kudetsedwa pamene zimadyetsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amadya tizilombo, mphutsi, mollusks, ndi nyama zomwezo. Ngakhale pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imakhala ndi "sandipiper" m'dzina lawo, mitundu ina monga miyala, timitengo, timitengo, timatabwa, phalaropes, yellowlegs , snipes, ndi dowitchers amadziwika ngati mchenga. Mbalame zonsezi ndi mbali ya banja la mbalame za Scolopacidae , zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitundu 80 mpaka 90.

• 07 a 07

  Stilts

  Mwamtundu wotchulidwa bwino, matabwawa ndi amtali a m'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe ali ndi miyendo yaitali, yoonda kwambiri imene imafanana ndi ziphuphu zamagulu. Mbalamezi zimatha kudziwika ndi miyendo yawo yayitali, yolunjika, yoonda komanso yolimba, kuphatikizapo miyendo yokongola ya mitundu ina. Iwo ali ndi mawu apamwamba kwambiri, omveka. Pali mitundu itatu yokha ya mazenera padziko lapansi, ndipo aliyense ali osiyana. Stilt yakuda yomwe imapezeka padziko lonse, stilt yokhazikika ili ku Australia ndipo mdima wakuda, womwe uli pangozi yaikulu, imapezeka ku New Zealand. Onsewa ali m'gulu la mbalame za Recurvirostridae ndi achibale awo, ndipo ngati mapepala, nthawi zambiri amayang'ana mbalame kuti aziyendera mbalame.