Wotchedwa nthumwi wa ku France wazaka za m'ma 1600, dzina lake Jean Nicot, nicotiana wakhala akusunga minda yathu ndi msinkhu wake ndi pfungo kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Chodabwitsa, Nicot ankakhulupirira kuti chomera chodabwitsa cha fodya chinali chithandizo-zonse chifukwa cha mutu mpaka khansa. Ngakhale tsopano tikudziwa kuti mankhwala osuta fodya ndi osiyana, maluwawo amapereka timadzi tokoma kwambiri kwa njenjete zazikulu ndi hummingbirds.
Dziwani Nicotiana
Fodya wa firimu ndi banja lodziwika bwino la Solanaceae (nightshade), lomwe lili ndi belladonna ndi mitundu ya datura yoopsa, komanso malo okongoletsera masamba monga mbatata ndi biringanya. Maluwa a mtundu wa nicotiana amafanana ndi petunias , wachibale wina wokhala nightshade, maonekedwe ndi madzulo. Mitengo ya fodya imatulutsa zowonongeka, masamba owongolera ndi mapesi a maluwa ndi nodding lipenga lopangidwa maluwa. Maluwa onse ali ndi ma peta asanu omwe amatha kumapeto. Mitundu ya maluwa imathandizana, kotero kuti mutha kubzala kusakaniza kwa bedi lalikulu la nicotiana. Mitundu yambiri ndi yofiira, yofiira, yofiira, ndi yobiriwira .
Nkhalango za Nicotiana zimakhala zosiyana kuchokera pa masentimita 18 mpaka mamita asanu. Olima munda akuyang'ana mitundu yayitali ya fodya ayenera kumamatira mitundu yambiri , monga mitundu yatsopano yatsopano imayambira maluwa pamene ikukula muzipinda zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Mmene Mungabzalitsire Nicotiana
Mukhoza kupeza mitundu yatsopano ya nicotiana kumayamayi, koma mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu iyenera kuyambika kuchokera ku mbewu. Mbewu za Nicotiana zimamera mosavuta mu nthaka yotentha, nthawi zina ngakhale mkati mwa maola 48 akufesa. Kuwunikira kumera kwa mbewu zazing'onozi, choncho zikanikireni mopepuka m'nthaka koma osaziphimba.
Mukhozanso kubzala mwapadera m'munda, kumene amayi Nature adzakumbukira kumera kwa mbeu.
Mitengo imeneyi imafuna nyengo yofunda ndi nthaka yotentha kuti ikhale yabwino. Sankhani malo ndi dzuwa lonse ndi nthaka yolemera, yonyowa, ya humus. Kumadera ndi nyengo yotentha, maola ochepa madzulo amathandiza kuti zomera zisamawotche. Musati muyike kunja kunja mpaka patatha masabata awiri mutatha masiku otsiriza a chisanu, monga momwe fodya imakhalira nyengo yachisanu yomwe imayamikira usiku womwewo ngati tomato. Nthaka yozizira, yamchere imalimbikitsa zowola ndi kudula matenda.
Chisamaliro cha Nictotiana
Sungani zomera za nicotiana zouma, ndipo muzizisambala sabata iliyonse mu nyengo yokula, yomwe imakhala kuyambira chilimwe mpaka chisanu. Lekani kupha mbewuzo kumapeto kwa chilimwe ngati mungafune ochepa odzipereka pa nyengo yotsatirayi.
Nthata zafodya ndi nyanga za fodya ndizozirombo kwambiri za zomera za fodya. Mukhoza kudziwa kuwonongeka kwa chiwombankhanga ndi kukhalapo kwa mabowo ang'onoting'ono omwe ali m'mamasamba. Zomwe zili m'munsizi zimatha kuteteza zomera zazing'ono; zomera zazikulu zathanzi sizimawonongeka kawirikawiri mpaka imfa. Dziko la diatomaceous ndi lothandiza kwambiri kwa nthata, ndipo ndi organic.
Ngati mbewu yanu ya fodya ikuoneka kuti yataya hafu ya masamba ake usiku umodzi, yang'anani mosamala za nyanga za fodya . Mbalame zobiriwira zazikulu zobiriwira zimasewera mchenga wovuta kwambiri pamisomali yawo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi zovuta kwa wolima minda: Mbozi zimakula mofanana ndi njenjete zomwe mumakonda kuzikoka. Ngati kuwonongeka kwa mbozi kumabweretsa mavuto, mukhoza kuika tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (ndi magolovesi!) Kapena kugwiritsa ntchito bacillus thuringiensis.
Nicotiana m'munda
Chizoloŵezi chowala ndi cha airy cha nicotiana chimaloledwa pamalo aliwonse otentha kwambiri m'munda wamaluwa . Fodya wamaluwa ndi kusankha kwachilengedwe kwa nyumba yachinyumba . Kulikulitsa pamodzi ndi maluwa ena apachaka monga balsamu, chikondi-mu-mist, kapena maluwa a kangaude . Mukhoza kulima nicotiana wofiira m'munda wa hummingbird , koma mbalame zimakopeka ndi fodya.
Fodya yoyera ndi yofunika kumunda wamaluwa, monga kununkhira kwa usiku, ndipo njere za hummingbird zimayang'ana maluwa otentha chifukwa cha timadzi tokoma tawo.
Malo amodzi m'munda omwe sali oyenera kwambiri kwa zomera za fodya ndi munda wa masamba. Chifukwa masamba ena otchuka, monga tomato ndi tsabola, ndi a m'banja la nightshade, amanyamula matenda omwewo. Vuto la Mose ndi mafunde amatha kuyenda pakati pa nightshade ndi tizirombo ngati masamba, ndipo amatha kupitilira mu nthaka kwa zaka zambiri.
Mitundu ya Nicotiana kuti Iyesedwe
Pazitsamba za malonda, yang'anani mbewu za nicotiana zomwe zili pansi pa fodya, maluwa, ndi fodya.
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