Sayornis phoebe
Ngakhale kuti phoebe kum'maŵa ndi wamba ndipo ikufala kumbali ya kum'mwera kwa America, ili ndi nthiti zambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri imaiwala. Iyi ndi mbalame yoyenera kudziŵa, komabe, chifukwa nyimbo yake yosiyana imapangitsa kuti mbalamezo zidziwe bwino.
Dzina Loyamba : East Phoebe
Dzina la sayansi : Sayornis phoebe
Scientific Family : Tyrannidae
Maonekedwe:
- Bill : Mdima wakuda, woonda, wowongoka, wamphongo m'munsi
- Kukula kwake : 5.5-7 mainchesi yaitali ndi mapiko a 11-12-inch, nyumba yokongola, mutu waukulu umene ungawonekere kumbuyo
- Makosora : Wofiira, wofiirira, wakuda, woyera, wonyezimira, wachikasu
- Zizindikiro : Amuna ndi ofanana. Maso ndi mutu ndi sooty brown kapena imvi yakuda, ndipo apamwamba ndi ochepa kwambiri. Mafutawa amakhala oyera ndi kusamba kasupe pamimba ndi m'masitolo, makamaka mu kugwa, ngakhale kuti angawoneke oyera pakasupe. Chovala "chovala chofiira" chofiira chimapezeka pambali ya chapakati, ndipo mmero ndi woyera. Mapiko angasonyeze m'mphepete mwa mapiko, koma osati mokwanira kuti akhale mapiko a phiko. Mchira uli wakuda ndi nsonga zapakati. Maso ndi mdima, ndipo miyendo ndi mapazi ndi zakuda.
Maofesiwa ali ofanana ndi akuluakulu koma amasonyeza chikasu pansipa ndipo amakhala ndi mapiko ang'onoang'ono omwe angapereke zitsulo zolimba za mapiko.
Mitundu ndi ya monotypic.
Zakudya : Tizilombo, akangaude, zipatso, zipatso, nsomba zazing'ono ( Onani: Zosokoneza )
Habita ndi Kusamukira:
Mbalamezi zimakonda nkhalango zowonongeka komanso zaulimi komanso malo okongola a mitengo . M'madera akumidzi, amapezeka m'mapaki.
Phoebes za kum'maŵa zimakhala malo oyenerera chaka chonse kuchokera kumpoto ndi kum'maŵa kwa Texas kudutsa Arkansas ndi mbali zakumpoto za Mississippi, Alabama ndi Georgia ku Tennessee, kum'mwera kwa Kentucky, kumadzulo kwa North Carolina ndi kumpoto kwa South Carolina.
M'nyengo yozizira m'nyengo yozizira, mbalamezi zinkafalikira kumpoto kwambiri, mpaka kudera lakumwera kwa Canada ndi kumpoto komwe kunali malo oyenera kum'mwera kwa Northwest Territories. Ku United States, kum'mawa kwa phoebes kumadera akumadzulo kumpoto kwa North Dakota, ndipo kummawa, amapezeka ku New England ndi ku Maine. M'nyengo yozizira, phoebes izi zimasamukira kudera ndi kummawa kwa Mexico komanso kum'maŵa kwa United States ndi Florida. Mbalame zingapo zimatha kutentha m'nyengo ya Caribbean.
Nthawi zambiri anthu ambiri amaonera malo okhala kumadzulo kusiyana ndi mmene amafunira, nthawi zambiri amagwa. Chimodzi chakummawa kwa phoebe nawonso chatchulidwa ku England, mwinamwake atatha kutayika pa kusamuka.
Zolemba:
Mbalamezi zingakhale ndi zowomba, koma nyimbo yawo yolimba FEEE-bee ndi yosiyana ndi mfuu ya raspy yomwe ikugogomezera pa syllable yoyamba. Mchitidwe wodabwitsa ndi phokoso lakuthwa "chip", ndipo ena a raspy chattering ndi mbali ya kum'mawa kwa phoebe's repertoire. Mbalamezi zimayimba kuchokera kumalo okwera kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala mbali yosavuta kumvetsetsa nthawi iliyonse yamasika.
Makhalidwe:
Izi ndi mbalame zokha koma zimapezedwanso muwiri, ngakhale mbalamezi zimakhalabe zolekerera kwambiri.
Akamayenda, amakoka, amathira kapena kumadula mchira wawo, nthawi zambiri amayala mchira mochepa. Amatha kukweza nthenga zawo zazikulu, kuoneka ngati kamphindi kakang'ono ndi nsonga kumbuyo kwa mutu. Pamene akudyera chakudya, nthawi zambiri amachokera ku nsalu imodzimodzi mobwerezabwereza, ndipo amatha kubwerera mwachidule pamene akudula tizilombo.
Phoebes ya kum'mawa ndi imodzi mwa anthu oyambirira omwe amasamukira ku kasupe ndipo akhoza kufika kumalo oswana nyengo isanafike nthawi yozizira. Mbalameyi ndi yoyamba kumangidwa kumpoto kwa America pamene John James Audubon anamanga waya wa siliva kuzungulira miyendo ya kum'mawa kwa phoebes, ndipo adapeza kuti mbalamezi zimabwerera kumalo amodzi omwe akudyera chaka chilichonse.
Kubalanso:
Mbalamezi zimakhala zosagwirizana . Chisacho chimamangidwa ndi matope a matope ndi moss, omwe ali ndi udzu, nthenga, masamba ndi zofanana.
Zisamba zimakhala zochepa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda ngati maboma, mabanki kapena mathanthwe, ndipo zimatha kumangidwa pamwamba pa zisale zakale. Phoebes ya Kum'mawa nthawi zambiri amatenga chisala pansi pa madokolo, oposa, mafunde kapena mapulusa, ndipo amakhala omasuka bwino pafupi ndi anthu.
Mazira owoneka ngati mazira ndi oyera ndipo nthawi zina amawoneka ndi zofiira zofiira. Pali mazira 2 mpaka 8 pamtundu wa ana , ndipo awiriwa amatha kubweretsa ana awiri pachaka. Mtundu wachitatu nthawi zambiri umakhala wamba kumadera akummwera kumene nyengo yoberekera yayitali kwambiri. Mazira atayikidwa, kholo lachikazi limawakakamiza masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri (15-17), ndipo atatha kupha achinyamata, onse awiri amadyetsa anawo kwa masiku 15-16.
Nthaŵi zina phoebes za kum'mawa zimakanikirana ndi phoebes zakuda, ndipo zimakhalanso ndi ana a mbalame zamtundu wankhanza.
Kukopa Phoebes Kummawa:
Kuchepetsa ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito tizilombo kudzaonetsetsa kuti tili ndi chakudya chochuluka, chokwanira cha chakudya cha kum'mawa kwa phoebes, ndipo nthawi zambiri amalandiridwa m'minda chifukwa amachititsa kuti tizirombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuphika mabulosi a mabulosi kumathandiza kupereka chakudya chachisanu, komanso kuphatikizapo zitsamba mu bwalo labwino la mbalame zidzapereka zitsulo zabwino kuti zikope phoebes kummawa. Mbalamezi zimagwiritsanso ntchito zitsulo zakutchire zomwe zimayikidwa pansi pa malo osungira malo oyenera.
Kusungidwa:
Ntchentche sizikuwopsedwa kapena kuika pangozi, ndipo chifukwa cha milatho yowonjezera yomwe ilipo komanso zowonjezereka kuti zikhale malo odyetsera, pang'onopang'ono kukula kwawo kukukula. Kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikupewa zisa zowonongeka ndi njira zabwino zothandizira mbalamezi kupitilirabe bwino.
Mbalame zofanana:
- Nenani a Phoebe ( Sayornis saya )
- Eastern Wood-Pewee ( Contopus virens )
- Mbalame yotchedwa Flycatcher ( Myiarchus cinerascens )
- Acadian Flycatcher ( Empidonax virescens )
Chithunzi - Eastern Phoebe © Katja Schulz