Erithacus rubecula
Nyama ya ku United Kingdom , mbalame ya ku Ulaya ndi mbalame yoimba nyimbo ndipo imapezeka m'minda yambiri, m'nkhalango, ndi kumbuyo. Ngakhale kuti maonekedwe awo amaoneka okongola, izi zingakhale zachiwawa komanso mbalame.
Dzina Loyamba: European Robin, English Robin, Robin, Robinet, Ruddock
Dzina la sayansi: Erithacus rubecula
Scientific Family: Muscicapidae (Kale Turdidae )
Kuwonekera ndi Kudziwika
Mbalamezi zimadziwika bwino ku Ulaya, ndipo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi maonekedwe osiyana ndi thupi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzindikira.
- Bill : wamfupi, wowongoka, wotsogola, wakuda
- Kukula kwake : 5-6 mainchesi yaitali ndi mapiko 8-9-inch, mutu wozungulira, utsi wakuda
- Mitundu : Msuzi, zoyera, lalanje, azitona, zofiirira
- Zizindikiro : Amuna ndi ofanana ndi mutu wa azitona wofiira, kubwezeretsa, kumbuyo, mchira, ndi mapiko. Maonekedwe a lalanje, mmero, ndi chapambuko chapamwamba akhoza kumadetsedwa mokwanira ndi kutsuka kwa buluu, makamaka kuzungulira nkhope. Madzi ozungulira amatha kutsuka kapena kuyera ndi madzi osamba a lalanje pambali. Miyendo ndi yotumbululuka. Maso a mdima amaonekera pankhope ndipo nthawi zambiri amapereka mbalame mawu osadziwika kapena osalakwa.
Zakudya, Zakudya, ndi Zochita
Mabomba a ku Ulaya ndi otetezeka ndipo amadya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo akangaude. Nyongolotsi zimayambanso kudya, ndipo m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, mbalamezi zimadya zipatso zambiri ndi zipatso pamene zimapezeka zovuta. Pamene akudya chakudya, amphongo amenewa nthawi zambiri amatsatira wamaluwa ndikudutsa mumtunda watsopano womwe ukutembenuka kufunafuna nkhanza zokoma.
Habita ndi Kusamukira
Mbalame za ku Ulaya zimapezeka mosavuta m'madera osungirako matabwa komanso m'mapiri, m'minda, ndi kumbuyo. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa mbalame zomwe zimafala kwambiri ku Ulaya, zomwe zimapezeka m'madera ambiri akumadzulo kwa Ulaya komanso British Isles. Anthu am'nyengo ya chilimwe amapita kutali kumpoto monga Scandinavia ndi kumadzulo kumadera ambiri a kumpoto kwa Ulaya, pamene am'nyumba yozizira amatha kupita kukafika kumpoto kwa Africa ndi Middle East.
Zolemba
Amagulu a ku Ulaya amalandiridwa chifukwa cha nyimbo zawo zowomba kwambiri, nyimbo zowomba, zoimba ngati zitoliro zomwe zimamveka komanso zimatha kumapeto. Amuna onse awiri amatha kuimba usiku ndi usiku, makamaka nthawi yachisanu itatha. Kuitana kwa alamu kumakhala kofulumira "tik-tik-tik-tik-tik."
Makhalidwe
Ngakhale kuti amawoneka okoma komanso nyimbo, amatha kukhala okhaokha, achiwawa, ndi mbalame . Anthu ambiri ku British Isles amatha kudya komanso amatha kudyetsedwa ndi manja, koma abambo a ku Ulaya kumadera ena nthawi zambiri amakhala osamveka komanso amanyazi. Mbalamezi zidzatulutsa zifuwa zawo zam'kasula ndi ziwonetsero zoopsa, ndipo zikadzagwidwa ndi robini zina zimatha kukantha ndi kuvulaza okwera nawo. Nthaŵi zina, agalu a ku Ulaya amadziŵika kuti amadzimenyera okha , makamaka m'nyengo yachisanu ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe pamene madera akutchulidwa.
Kubalana
Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana okondana kuti athetse chiwawa pakati pa okwatirana. Mwambo wamwambo ndi wamphongo wodyetsa akazi, khalidwe limene amapitilira kupyola mu nthawi yopangira makulitsidwe pamene amasamalira mkazi pa chisa. Nthanga zimamangidwa ndi msipu, udzu, ndi makoswe a masamba, ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi ubweya kapena pansi.
Nkhokwe zimakhala zosiyana, ndipo abambo a ku Europe akhoza kumanga malo ambiri omwe sakhala achilendo, zipangizo zakunja, kapena malo ena abwino. Awiri awiri amatha kupanga mazira awiri pachaka, omwe ayenera kuthiridwa masiku 12-14. Mazirawo ndi oyera, obiriwira, kapena otsekemera, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala amawangamawanga kapena amawombedwa ndi mabala a bulauni. Mbalame zazing'ono zimasamalidwa ndi makolo onse awiri masiku 14-16 mpaka atakonzeka kuchoka chisa.
Kuwombera Mbalame za ku Ulaya
Mbalamezi zanzeru zaphunzira kuti alimi amapanga dothi kuti apeze mphutsi ndi tizilombo mosavuta, choncho amangofika pamaseko ndi malo ochepa omwe alima. Mbalame zomwe zimasiya mulu wa nthaka ndi nthaka zimatha kukopa mbalamezi, ndipo zimabwera kumalo osungira mbewu zopereka mbewu kapena minda yamadzulo . Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe angathe kuchotsa chakudya cha abambo a ku Europe, ndipo ganizirani kubzala zitsamba zomwe zimapereka zipatso kwa nyengo yozizira.
Zitsamba zingakhalenso malo osungira malo oti azisunga ma robini m'kati mwa bwalo lonse.
Kusungirako
Mbalamezi zimafala ndipo sizikuwoneka kuti zimaopsezedwa kapena zowopsya, ngakhale kuti anthu ena akuchepa. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ofunikira kuti ateteze abambo a ku Ulaya, ndipo chitetezo cha malo ndi kutetezedwa ndifunikanso . Kusaka mosayenera ndi kupha anthu mwamwayi kukupha mabiliyoni ambiri a mbalame za nyimbo zomwe zimadutsa Nyanja ya Mediterranean chaka chilichonse, kuphatikizapo ma robins ogwira ntchito, komanso mgwirizano wapadziko lonse zidzakhala zofunika kuti awateteze.
Mbalame zofanana
- Chipinda cha ku Japan ( Luscinia akahige )
- Nightingale ( Luscinia megarhynchos )
- American Robin ( Turdus migratorius )