Kodi mpheta ndi chiyani?

Mpheta ndi zina mwa mbalame zomwe zimadziwika bwino kwambiri, koma mbalame ndi yani? Kudziwa chomwe chimapangitsa mpheta mpheta kungathandize mbalame kudziwa mbalamezi mosavuta ndikudziwe bwino malo awo mu avifauna .

Mitundu ya mpheta

Liwu lakuti "mpheta" limatulutsa mbalame zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimakonda kwambiri mbalame, zomwe mbalame zimakonda kutcha "LBJs" kapena "ntchito zofiirira" chifukwa zingakhale zovuta kuzizindikira .

Ngakhale mbalame zambiri zimaphatikizapo mawu akuti "mpheta" mu maina awo, mitundu ina ya mpheta imaphatikizapo kuthamanga, towhees ndi juncos. Ndipotu, pali mitundu yambiri ya mbalame padziko lonse lapansi - zoposa 50 zomwe zimapezeka ku North America. Kumvetsetsa momwe mbalame zazing'onozi zimagwirizanirana ndi momwe zimagwirizanirana zomwe zimagawidwa zimathandiza kumvetsetsa zosiyana ndi dziko la avian.

Sparrow Geography

Mpheta imatha kupezeka m'mayiko onse kupatula Antarctica, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagawidwa kukhala mabanja awiri.

• Mpheta Yam'dziko Lakale : Mphetazi ndizo mitundu ya nsomba zomanga nsalu mu banja la Passeridae , ndipo zimapezeka ku Ulaya, Asia ndi Africa. Mmodzi wa mpheta wamba - mbalame ya nyumba - ndi mpheta ya Dziko Lakale ndipo yayambitsidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kotero kuti imatengedwa ngati mitundu yosautsa m'madera ambiri. Mpheta zina mumtundu wa Passeridae zimakhala ndi mpheta yamphongo, mpheta ya Somalia ndi mpheta yamwala.
  

• Mpheta Yatsopano Yatsopano : mphetazi zimapezeka ku North ndi South America ndipo zimakhala za Amberizidae . Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbalame mumtundu uno, zonsezi zimasiyana ndi maonekedwe, malo ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Zina mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ndizo mbalame ya nyimbo, mpheta yamphepete, mpheta yamunda, kum'mawa kwa towhee ndi mpheta ya ku America.

M'mabanja onse awiriwa, mbalame zasintha mitundu yambiri ya zinyama kuti zikhale zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Mpheta imapezeka pafupi ndi malo onse, kuchokera kumapululu ndi msipu wouma kupita ku mathithi, m'nkhalango komanso kumidzi. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kotere, kumvetsetsa mpheta n'kofunikira kwa mbalame zazikulu.

Makhalidwe Abwino A Mpheta

Monga mitundu yonse ya mbalame, mpheta zili ndi maonekedwe ena omwe amawathandiza kufotokoza monga gulu. Zonse ndi mbalame zakuda - mbalame za nyimbo - ndikugawana makhalidwe monga:

• Kukula : Mitundu yambiri ya mpheta ndi yaing'ono, ndi kukula kwake kuchokera pa mainchesi 4-8 m'litali, ngakhale kuti 5-7 mainchesi ndiwowonjezereka. Kukula kwakukulu, monga kukula kwa mutu kumbali ya kukula kwa thupi kapena mchira kutalika poyerekeza ndi miyeso yambiri, zimasiyana.
  
• Mphungu : Mbalame zimenezi zimatchedwa LBJs chifukwa chake, ndipo mpheta zambiri zimakhala ndi mapiko a bulauni omwe amawoneka ngati apamwamba kwambiri . Kawirikawiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zingapo pamutu, komabe, kuphatikizapo mikwingwirima kapena ma boldness omwe amachokera ku matupi awo. Bold wakuda, wachikasu ndi mabokosi amtunduwu amapezeka pa mpheta zambiri.
  
• Bill : Ndalama ya mpheta ndi yochepa komanso yaying'ono ndi mawonekedwe a conical. Izi ndizabwino kuti muzitha kubzala mbeu zomwe zimakhala chakudya choyambirira cha mbalamezi. Mtengo wa ngongole umasiyana mosiyana, komabe, mpheta zina zimakhala zofewa zakuda kapena zakuda pamene zina zimakhala ndi ngongole zachikasu kapena za pinki.

Mtsinje Wakhalidwe

Chifukwa mpheta zonse zimagwirizana ndi maonekedwe a bland ndi maonekedwe, ndi khalidwe lawo lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala losiyana ndi maonekedwe awo. Makhalidwe abwino omwe amapezeka mpheta ndi awa:

• Kuwongolera : Monga mbalame zambiri za nyimbo, mpheta ndizokhaokha kapena zimapezeka pawiri kapena m'mabanja pa nyengo yoswana . M'nyengo yozizira ndi yozizira, iwo amapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame zosiyanasiyana, ndipo akhoza kuphatikizapo mbalame zina zing'onozing'ono monga wrens kapena chickadees. Mbalame zimatha kupindula ndi khalidweli poyesa zoweta zonse kumunda kuti ziwone ngati pali mitundu yodabwitsa yomwe imayendera mbalame zambiri.
  
• Zochita : Pamene akudya, mpheta zimadyetsa makamaka pansi kapena pansi pamtengo kapena shrubby chivundikiro. Nthawi zambiri amatha kudula masamba ndi tizilombo, ndipo mpheta zambiri zimatha kukwera ndi mapazi onse pamene akudyetsa. Kupalasa uku kumapanganso phokoso limene lingathandize odyetsa bwino kupeza mpheta muzitsamba zakuda kapena shrubbery.
  

• Zakudya : Mpheta ndizo zimadya kwambiri mbeu , ngakhale zimadya tizilombo tosangalatsa. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka m'chaka ndi chilimwe pamene mapuloteni ochokera kwa tizilombo ndi ofunika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kumbuyo, mpheta sizikhala zosasamala ndipo zimadya nyemba za mpendadzuwa , mapira , chimanga , malo , mkate wambiri ndi zakudya zina zambiri.
  
• Mapulogalamu oyendetsa ndege : Mpheta zimayenda mofulumira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumizitsa ndi mapiko a mapiko kuti zitheke mosavuta. Pamene mbalame zikuzungulira , zingakhale zosavuta komanso zimauluka pakati pa chakudya ndi pogona nthawi zambiri pamene zikudyetsa.

Koposa zonse, mpheta ndi mbalame zosinthika. Ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana yomwe imapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, mbalamezi ndizofunika kwambiri pazinthu zonse za moyo wa birder, komanso kumvetsa zomwe zimapangitsa mpheta kukhala zosiyana zimathandiza onse ogwira mbalame kumvetsa bwino LBJs.