Mapulogalamu a Colaptes auratus
Phokoso lakumpoto ndilo lofala kwambiri kumpoto kwa North America , ndipo chimodzi mwa zosiyana kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zake zolimba. Mitundu ikuluikulu ikuluikulu iwiri - mzere wofiira ndi wachikasu-anali mitundu yapadera yosiyana mpaka iwo adagwirizanitsidwa muzaka za m'ma 1980. Mitengo imeneyi imadziwikanso kuti ndi mbalame ya Alabama .
Dzina Loyamba: Kuthamanga kwa Kumpoto, Kuthamanga Kwambiri Kumtunda, Kuwombera Kwambiri, Kumadzulo kwa Kumadzulo, Kuthamanga Kummawa, Wokongola Kwakuda Kwambiri, Yellowhammer
Dzina la sayansi : Colaptes auratus
Scientific Family : Picidae
Kuwonekera ndi Kudziwika
Kuthamanga kwa kumpoto kumakhala kosavuta kuzindikira ndi malo awo am'munda ndi mitundu yolimba, ngakhale kuthamanga kwakummawa (kofiira-shafted) ndi kumadzulo kumadzulo (kofiira-shafted) kuli kusiyana kwakukulu. Pamene mbalamezi zimaphunzira zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu, komabe, zimatha kuzindikira anthu omwe ali ndi matabwawa mwachangu.
- Bill : Kutalika, mdima, wochepa kwambiri
- Kukula : 13-14 mainchesi yaitali ndi mapiko a masentimita 20, mapiko ambiri
- Mabala : Mdima, matalala, wakuda, msuzi, woyera, wachikasu, wofiira, salimoni
- Zolemba : Amuna ali ndi mutu wamphongo ndi imvi, omwe ali ndi mbalame zofiira zomwe zimakhala ndi mabala ofiira ofiirira ndi mbalame za chikasu zomwe zimakhala ndi mazira wakuda ndi nape chigamba chofiira. Kumbuyo ndi mapiko ndi tani ndi zakuda kapena zokopa, ndipo nyemba yoyera imapezeka mosavuta. Zovala zapamwamba zimakhala zoyera ndi zofiira zakuda, ndipo mchira wolimba, wokhala ndi ziwiri ndi wakuda pamwambapo kapena wofiira kapena wachikasu pansipa. Pansi pake pali mdima wonyezimira ndi mawanga wakuda ndi chigoba chakuda chakuda chakuda pa chifuwa. Powuluka, mbalame zofiira zimapanga maulendo a mtundu wa salmon, pomwe mbalame zamtundu zimasonyeza kuwala kofiira. Azimayi ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana kwa amuna koma samasowa malar. Mbalame zazing'ono zimafanana ndi akuluakulu, koma anyamata amakhala ndi mikwingwirima ya malalanje.
Zakudya, Zakudya ndi Zochita
Mofanana ndi mitengo yonse ya mitengo, kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi kumadula zakudya zawo nthawi ndi nthawi malinga ndi zakudya zomwe zilipo. Amakhala osasamala , komanso amadya zipatso zosiyana, mbewu ndi mtedza malinga ndi nyengo komanso kupezeka.
Habita ndi Kusamukira
Mphepete mwa kumpoto imapezeka m'nkhalango yotseguka, m'mphepete mwa matabwa, m'mapiri ndi m'mapaki a m'midzi, m'minda ndi kumbuyo.
Mbalamezi zimapezeka chaka chonse m'mayiko ambiri ku United States, pakati pa Mexico ndi British Columbia, koma akusoŵa kumpoto cha kumadzulo kwa Texas ndi Arizona, kumpoto kwakumadzulo kwa Midwest ndi kumpoto chakum'maŵa kwambiri. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, zokolola za mitengoyi zimadutsa kumpoto kupita ku Canada ndi Alaska kupatulapo madera apamwamba kwambiri, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amapezeka kwambiri kumwera cha kumadzulo kwa United States.
Ma subspecies omwe ali ndi chikasu amapezeka kwambiri kumadera akum'maŵa ndi akumidzi, komanso onse a ku Canada. Kuwombera kofiira kumakhala kofala kwambiri kumbali ya kumadzulo kwa mtunda ndi kumpoto kudutsa British Columbia. Nthaŵi zosaŵerengeka kwambiri, mbalame zakuthambo kumpoto kwa Ulaya zimawombera kumpoto.
Zolemba
Awa ndi mbalame zamalankhula ndi maitanidwe osiyanasiyana. Kuthamanga kwa "kyeeer" kukumbukira makoko koma ali ndifupikitsa. Phokoso lalikulu, lamphamvu, ngakhale "wik-wik-wik-wik" ndilofala. Pamene akuwomba , timatabwa timene timakhala ndi nthawi, yomwe imakhala yothamanga kwambiri yomwe imatenga 1-2 masekondi.
Makhalidwe
Mitundu ya nkhuniyi, mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitengo, imakonda kumera pansi pa nyerere ndi mbozi, ndipo mfuti yawo imathandizira kuthana ndi chitetezo cha nyerere.
Kuwombera kwa kumpoto kumawomba pansi kapena kumamatira kumatsika otsika kapena pamunsi pa mitengo, ndipo pamene amawomba, amawoneka kawirikawiri mu malo omwe amadziwika bwino kwambiri kuposa mapepala kuposa amtengo wapatali, ngakhale amatha kulumikiza pamtunda. Pa chibwenzi, amakhala achangu komanso osasunthika, ndipo kuthawa kwawo kwakukulu ndi mapiko afupipafupi ndi mapulaneti ochepa amasiyana chifukwa amatsindika maonekedwe awo olimba mtima.
Kubalana
Mbalamezi ndi mbalame zokhazokha komanso makolo onse awiri amafufuza malo abwino odyetsera kapena kukonza chisa ndi zinthu zochepa. Anthu oyenda kumpoto amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba za mbalame kapena kutenga mabowo osalidwa a kingfishers kapena banki swallows. Mayi aliwonse ali ndi mazira oyera 3-12 ovalirako, mazira oyera, ndipo mapiri awiri a kumpoto amaika 1-2 makoto pa chaka, ndipo ana achiwiri amapezeka kummwera.
Makolo awiriwa amawombera mazira kwa masiku 12-15, ndipo onse awiri adzasamalira anapiye kwa masiku 25-28 atatha.
M'madera omwe magawo awiri a subspecies akugwera, kusakanizidwa kumalembedwa nthawi zonse. Kuwombera kwa kumpoto kudzakonzedwanso ndi maonekedwe okongoletsera kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa United States.
Kukopa Mitunda ya Kumpoto
M'madera oyenerera, kumpoto kumadzulo kumayendera madiresi omwe amapewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kotero kuti pali nyerere ndi mbozi zomwe zilipo chakudya. Anthuwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba zazikulu za mbalame , ndipo amayendera mabotolo. Kusiya mitengo yakufa ndi stumps yosakanizidwa kumapereka malo odyetsera komanso malo odyetsera. Mbalamezi zimatha kupita kukafowera komwe kumapezeka malo a suet , mtedza ndi mbewu za mpendadzuwa zakuda .
Kusungirako
Ngakhale kuti kumpoto kothamanga sikungopsezedwe kapena kuopsya, anthu ake akhala akuchepa kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Chifukwa chachikulu cha kuchepa kumeneku amakhulupirira kuti ndi mpikisano wochokera ku European starlings kwa malo abwino kwambiri odyetsera malo, ndipo mitengo yamatabwa nthawi zambiri imataya mbalame zowopsya kwambiri . Ngakhale kuti kuchepa kumeneku, komabe mphepo yamkuntho yofala kwambiri ikupitirizabe kupulumuka.
Mbalame zofanana
- Zowonongeka Zowongoka ( Colaptes chrysoides )
- Campo Flicker ( Colaptes campestris )
- Red-Bellied Woodpecker ( Melanerpes carolinus )