Kufotokozera ndi Kufotokozera
Broccoli ndi chomera, chomera chomera kwambiri mu banja la Brassicaceae, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kabichi , kale , ziphuphu za Brussels ndi masamba angapo a ku Asia , monga bok choy. Gawo lomwe timadya ndilo masamba a broccoli. Ngati sichikololedwa, mutu wa broccoli udzatsegulidwa maluwa aang'ono obiriwira. Ngakhale kuti broccoli zambiri ndi zobiriwira, palinso mitundu yokoma ndi yofiirira kwambiri.
Broccoli ndi yopindulitsa kwambiri kuti ikule, chifukwa imapangitsa kuti munda wanu uyambe kumayambiriro ndipo akupitiriza kutumiza mbali yomwe ikuwombera kwa masabata, mutatha kukolola mutu waukulu ndikukupatsani nyengo yokolola. Mitundu ya broccoli yomwe imathandiza kwambiri kutumiza mphukira kumbaliyi imatchulidwa kuti ikuphulika ndi broccoli. Ngati muli wokonda broccoli, kukhala ndi zomera zingapo m'munda kukupatseni nthawi zonse.
Dzina la Botanical
Brassica oleracea var. italica
Mayina Amodzi
Broccoli, Kuphuka Broccoli, Calabreseitalica
Malo Ovuta
Broccoli ndi bwino , koma ikhoza kupita kumbewu chaka choyamba, ngati chobzala kumayambiriro kwa masika. Chifukwa si chomera chosatha , alibe USDA Hardiness Zone .
Chiwonetsero
Mofanana ndi masamba ambiri, broccoli imakula bwino pamalo ndi dzuwa lonse . Komabe mu nyengo yotentha kwambiri, mthunzi wa pang'onopang'ono uyenera kuteteza kuteteza.
Kukula msinkhu
Mitundu yambiri ya broccoli imakula pafupifupi 2½½ / 76 cm (h) x 8 - 12 inches / 20-30 cm (w).
Kukula kwa mbeu kumasiyanasiyana kwambiri ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zimakula komanso zosiyanasiyana za broccoli.
Masiku Okolola
Masiku mpaka kukhwima adzadalira mitundu yosiyana yomwe mukukula, koma pali mitundu ya broccoli yomwe ingayambe kukolola pafupi masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri kuchokera pakusambira.
Momwe Mungakolole Msuzi
Musati mulindire mpaka broccoli yanu ikhale ndi mutu waukulu, monga mukuwonera mu golosale.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mutu wa broccoli, koma ambiri ali okonzeka kuyamba kukolola akadzafika kukula kwa nkhonya yaikulu. Mukadikira motalika kwambiri kuti mukolole, masambawo adzatsegulidwa. Mungathe kudya mapesi apa, koma ndi ovuta kwambiri komanso maluwa okonzedwa amachokera ku chikasu kupita ku beige.
Dulani mutu ndi mphika wa mainchesi pafupifupi 4. Maluwa atsopano atsopano adzagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono m'mphepete mwa tsamba lazitsamba. Izi zidzakhala zochepa kwambiri kuposa mutu woyamba, koma ndi zokoma. Sungani zokolola ndipo apitirize kubzala.
Mitundu Yabwino Yowonjezera
- 'Blue Wind' F1 (masiku 49) - Kupititsa patsogolo 'Packman' mtundu. Zimakula bwino m'madera ambiri.
'Calabrese' ndi 'De Cicco' (masiku 60) Ambiri olemekezeka. Amayamba kubala mofulumira ndikutsatira ndi mphukira zambiri.
- Broccoli Oyambirira Ophuka Kwambiri (masiku 80 mpaka 115) Okoma kuposa broccoli wobiriwira, koma amatenga kwamuyaya. Kawirikawiri amakula ngati biennial ndi kukolola mmawa wotsatira.
- 'Romanesco' (masiku 75) - Mitu ndizomwe zimakhala zobiriwira zalaimu ndipo maonekedwe ndi kukoma ndizokulu.
- Broccoli Raab ( Brassica campestris ) - Wachibale wapamtima, AKA di rapa, rappone kapena mpiru broccoli, sakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu. Yakulira masamba.
Broccoli Kukula Malangizo
Nthaka: Broccoli amasankha nthaka yopanda ndale pH, pafupifupi 7.0 Nthaka yochuluka , yokhala ndi zinthu zambiri, imakhala ikukula nthawi yonseyi.
Nthawi yobzala: Mu nyengo zozizira, mutha kuyamba mutu poyambitsa mbewu mkati mwa masabata 6-7 musanafike tsiku lanu lotentha la chisanu. Pa masabata 4-5, zomera za broccoli ziyenera kufika pafupifupi masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri ndipo zikhoza kuikidwa panja kuti zikhale zovuta . Broccoli akhoza kugwira pang'ono chisanu, kamodzi icho chaumitsidwa. Tsatirani njira yomweyi yogula mbande za broccoli.
M'nyengo yotentha, mukhoza kutsogolera broccoli mbewu kumayambiriro kwa masika. M'nyengo yotentha, mutha kubzala mbeu yachiwiri kumapeto kwa kasupe / kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe komanso mwinamwake kumapeto kwa chilimwe (July / August) chifukwa chogwa . M'madera otentha kwambiri, broccoli idzatha-yozizira ndipo idzakonzekera kukolola m'chaka.
Olima amaluwa otentha akhoza kutsogolera mbewu, nayenso, koma muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka mwezi umodzi pasanafike tsiku lanu lomaliza la chisanu.
Kuwaza: Broccoli akhoza kubzalidwa ndi inchi kapena ziwiri zakuya kuposa momwe zinaliri mu chidebe chake. Madzi bwino bwino ndikutetezera ndi chivundikiro kapena chophimba china, ngati galasi likuyembekezeredwa. Dulani mphutsi zingathe kulimbana ndi zomera za broccoli, kotero kukulunga kolala kuzungulira nthawi nthawi yowonetsetsa bwino.
Mphindi: Perekani chomera chilichonse cha broccoli pafupifupi makilogalamu 18 mbali iliyonse.
Kusamalira Zomera za Broccoli
Broccoli safuna chidwi kwambiri, kufikira nthawi yokolola. Pitirizani kuthirira bwino ndipo zidzakula.
Zomera za broccoli siziyenera kuwonjezera chakudya chowonjezera, ngati nthaka yanu ili wolemera. Ngati akuwoneka ngati akufunikira mphamvu kapena mukufuna kuthamanga msinkhu, awakhudze ndi nayitrogeni. Emulsion ya nsomba ndi yabwino kwa izi.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi Matenda omwe amavutitsa Broccoli
Broccoli amatha kukhala tizilombo tofanana ndi kabichi . Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi: Kabichi looper, kabichi mbozi, kabichi mizu ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa nyengoyi.
Matendawa ndi: blackleg, kuvunda wakuda ndi clubroot. Matendawa amapezeka bwino pozungulira mbewuzo chaka chilichonse. Clubroot imachepetsedwa pamene mukulitsa nthaka pH pafupifupi 7.0.
Zotsatira:
- Kukula Broccoli ndi Kolifulawa M'munda Wanyumba , Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet
- Broccoli, University of Illinois
- Primer Garden , ndi Barbara Damrosch